Neuropharmacology of attention

Burk, Joshua A.; Blumenthal, Sarah A.; Maness, Eden B.

doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.08.008

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…For example, the animals may keep track of the elapse of time more precisely under the random-delay condition in an effort to predict future delay durations based on the past ones. Different levels of neuromodulatory signals associated with different levels of attention (i.e., higher attention during the random-delay condition) 29 may underlie the observed differences in mPFC neural activity between the fixed and random delay conditions, which remains to be studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamically changing neuronal activity supporting working memory for predictable and unpredictable durations

Park

Bae

Kim

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Diverse neural processes have been proposed as the neural basis of working memory. To investigate whether the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) relies on different neural processes to mediate working memory depending on the predictability of delay duration, we examined mPFC neural activity in mice performing a delayed response task with fixed (4 s) or random (between 1–7 s) delay durations. mPFC neural activity was strongly influenced by the predictability of delay duration. Nevertheless, mPFC neurons seldom showed persistent activity spanning the entire delay period and instead showed dynamically-changing delay-period activity under both the fixed-delay and random-delay conditions. mPFC neurons conveyed higher working memory information under the random-delay than fixed-delay conditions, possibly due to a higher demand for stable working memory maintenance. Our results suggest that the rodent mPFC may rely on dynamically-changing neuronal activity to maintain working memory regardless of the predictability of delay duration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamically changing neuronal activity supporting working memory for predictable and unpredictable durations

Park

Bae

Kim

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…Previous research has indicated that the onset of memory decline may vary among different memory types, with episodic memory decline possibly being lifelong. 23 Our study could not explore the onset age of memory decline without performing regression among different age groups. The significant coefficient may indicate memory decline associated with SHS exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Impact of secondhand smoke exposure on cognitive function among middle-aged and older women in China: findings from three waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

2020

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ObjectivesTo examine the association between secondhand smoke (SSH) and women’s global cognitive function and cognitive subdomains.DesignCohort study.ParticipantsData for this study were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011-2013-2015), and pooled analysis was applied to wave 1 and wave 2 (2011–2013), wave 2 and wave 3 (2013–2015) and wave 1 and wave 3 (2011–2015). Data from a total of 6875 Chinese women with normal cognitive function at baseline were selected for analysis, including 2981 who were interviewed in 2011, 2471 in 2013, and 1894 in 2015.Main outcome measures and methodsSHS was classified based on the number of exposed years (<25 years, ≥25 years to <30 years, ≥30 years to <40 years, ≥40 years). Global cognitive function, visuospatial ability, orientation and attention, and episodic memory function were used as measures of cognitive function. Three waves of data were pooled using a dummy variable to differentiate between 2-year and 4-year groups. LDV models were used to examine independent associations between SHS and cognitive function. Demographic factors, socioeconomic factors, baseline cognitive functioning and health conditions were controlled for in our models.ResultsSSH was found to be inversely and significantly associated with cognitive function. Compared with those who had not been exposed to household SSH, women who had lived with a smoking husband had a significantly faster cognition decline, especially in global cognitive function (β=−0.33, 95% CI=−0.66 to −0.01, p<0.01), visuospatial ability (β=−0.04, 95% CI=−0.08 to −0.01, p<0.05) and episodic memory function (β=−0.16, 95% CI=−0.31 to −0.01, p=0.031).ConclusionsHousehold SSH exposure for more than 40 years was associated with a more significant decline in global cognitive function, visuospatial ability and episodic memory function, but not in orientation and attention function among older Chinese women.

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“…The basal forebrain (BF) is a brain region which degenerates in dementia [5][6][7] and is implicated in the negative effects of sleep disruption on vigilance and cognition 8,9 . Previous studies demonstrated that the BF controls cortical fast oscillations that underlie attention [10][11][12] and revealed the important role of cholinergic neurons [13][14][15] . However, the role of other neurochemically defined BF subtypes is unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basal forebrain parvalbumin neurons modulate vigilant attention

McNally

Brown

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Attention is impaired in many neuropsychiatric disorders and by sleep disruption, leading to decreased workplace productivity and increased risk of accidents. Thus, understanding the underlying neural substrates is important for developing treatments. The basal forebrain (BF) is a brain region which degenerates in dementia and is implicated in the negative effects of sleep disruption on vigilance and cognition. Previous studies demonstrated that the BF controls cortical fast oscillations that underlie attention and revealed the important role of cholinergic neurons. However, the role of other neurochemically defined BF subtypes is unknown. Recent work has shown that one population of BF GABAergic neurons containing the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin (PV) control cortical fast oscillations and arousals from sleep but their role in awake behavior is unclear. Thus, here we test the hypothesis that BF-PV neurons modulate vigilant attention in mice. A lever release version of the rodent psychomotor vigilance test (rPVT) was used to assess vigilant attention as measured by reaction time. Brief and continuous low power optogenetic excitation of BF-PV neurons (1s,473nm@5mW) that preceded the cue light signal by 0.5s improved vigilant attention as indicated by quicker reaction times. In contrast, both sleep deprivation (8h) and optogenetic inhibition of BF-PV neurons (1s,530nm@10mW) slowed reaction times. Importantly, BF-PV excitation rescued the reaction time deficits in sleep deprived mice. These findings reveal for the first time a role for BF-PV neurons in attention.

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Neuropharmacology of attention

Cited by 22 publications

References 107 publications

Dynamically changing neuronal activity supporting working memory for predictable and unpredictable durations

Dynamically changing neuronal activity supporting working memory for predictable and unpredictable durations

Impact of secondhand smoke exposure on cognitive function among middle-aged and older women in China: findings from three waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

Basal forebrain parvalbumin neurons modulate vigilant attention

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