Neurophysiological and Behavioural Correlates of Coherent Motion Perception in Dyslexia

Taroyan, Naira A.; Nicolson, Roderick I.; Buckley, David

doi:10.1002/dys.435

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, these factors do not seem to fully account for the present findings, particularly N170 and P3 results. For example, past research has showed that increased numerosity may augment N170 41 or leave P3 unaffected 42 , and increased motion coherence may induce larger P3 43,44 , all of which were different from what we found in the current study. Therefore, instead of “low-level” factors of numerosity or coherence of motion, “high-level” factors such as perceived reliability may be a more reasonable explanation, in line with the possible evolutionary importance of majority’s gaze that indicates food locations or resources for survival 6 .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

ERP evidence on how gaze convergence affects social attention

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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How people process gaze cues from multiple others is an important topic but rarely studied. Our study investigated this question using an adapted gaze cueing paradigm to examine the cueing effect of multiple gazes and its neural correlates. We manipulated gaze directions from two human avatars to be either convergent, created by the two avatars simultaneously averting their gazes to the same direction, or non-convergent, when only one of the two avatars shifted its gaze. Our results showed faster reaction times and larger target-congruency effects following convergent gazes shared by the avatars, compared with the non-convergent gaze condition. These findings complement previous research to demonstrate that observing shared gazes from as few as two persons is sufficient to enhance gaze cueing. Additionally, ERP analyses revealed that (1) convergent gazes evoked both left and right hemisphere N170, while non-convergent gazes evoked N170 mainly in the hemisphere contralateral to the cueing face; (2) effects of target congruency on target-locked N1 and P3 were modulated by gaze convergence. These findings shed light on temporal features of the processing of multi-gaze cues.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

ERP evidence on how gaze convergence affects social attention

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…Jednoróg et al (2011) did not find any overall group differences in coherent motion evoked responses, but reported that while control participants (n=16) had a higher N2 peak for coherent motion than random motion, the N2 peak did not differentiate between the two types of motion in dyslexic participants (n=16). Taroyan et al (2011) also reported no significant differences in visual evoked responses between typically developing (n=10) and dyslexic (n=9) adolescents. Similarly, Scheuerpflug et al (2004) found no significant differences in visual evoked potentials between dyslexic (n=16) and typically developing (n=15) children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Global motion evoked potentials in autistic and dyslexic children: a cross-syndrome approach

Toffoli¹,

Scerif²,

Snowling³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Atypicalities in psychophysical thresholds for global motion processing have been reported in many neurodevelopmental conditions, including autism and dyslexia. Cross-syndrome comparisons of neural dynamics may help determine whether altered motion processing is a general marker of atypical development or condition-specific. Here, we assessed group differences in N2 peak amplitude (previously proposed as a marker of motion-specific processing) in typically developing (n = 57), autistic (n = 29) and dyslexic children (n = 44) aged 6 to 14 years, in two global motion tasks. High-density EEG data were collected while children judged the direction of global motion stimuli as quickly and accurately as possible, following a period of random motion. Using a data-driven component decomposition technique, we identified a reliable component that was maximal over occipital electrodes and had an N2-like peak at ~160 ms. We found no group differences in N2 peak amplitude, in either task. However, for both autistic and dyslexic children, there was evidence of atypicalities in later stages of processing that require follow up in future research. Our results suggest that early sensory encoding of motion information is unimpaired in dyslexic and autistic children. Group differences in later processing stages could reflect sustained global motion responses, decision-making, metacognitive processes and/or response generation, which may also distinguish between autistic and dyslexic individuals.

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“… 49) Taroyan et al . 20) also reported larger right hemisphere P300 amplitudes in participants with dyslexia during a visual attention task. Breznitz and Leikin 41) suggested that a significant increase in P300 amplitude seems to improve sentence comprehension when processing words with different syntactic functions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Taroyan et al . 20) investigated correlations related to motion perception in dyslexia by recording ERPs in response to random-dot stimuli that combined low contrast. They found that the P3 amplitude was increased in the right hemisphere of both the dyslexic and control groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Event-related Potential Patterns Reflect Reversed Hemispheric Activity during Visual Attention Processing in Children with Dyslexia: A Preliminary Study

Kang

Lee

Park

et al. 2016

Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci

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ObjectiveIndividuals with dyslexia experience reading difficulties, whereas their other cognitive abilities seem normal. The purpose of this study was to investigate the event-related potential (ERP) patterns of children with dyslexia during a target-detection task.MethodsSeventeen children with dyslexia and 18 children without this disorder participated in this study. We evaluated their writing and reading ability, symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and intelligence quotient. ERPs were recorded while participants performed a target-detection task, and the peak amplitude and latency of P100 and P300 were analyzed. The lateral asymmetry index (LAI) was calculated for each ERP component.ResultsThe dyslexic group exhibited longer reaction times and larger P100 amplitudes than the non-dyslexic group in the right hemisphere. The P100 latency was also significantly delayed in the right hemisphere of those in the dyslexic group compared with those in the non-dyslexic group. The P300 amplitude was larger in the right hemisphere compared with left hemisphere in the dyslexic group, whereas no interhemispheric differences were observed with respect to the P300 latency. The LAI for P100 showed a significant right hemispheric dominance, whereas the LAI for P100 was significantly correlated with the accuracy of target detection in children with dyslexia.ConclusionOur results suggest that right hemispheric dominance acts as an ancillary system that compensates for poor reading in children with dyslexia.

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Neurophysiological and Behavioural Correlates of Coherent Motion Perception in Dyslexia

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

ERP evidence on how gaze convergence affects social attention

ERP evidence on how gaze convergence affects social attention

Global motion evoked potentials in autistic and dyslexic children: a cross-syndrome approach

Event-related Potential Patterns Reflect Reversed Hemispheric Activity during Visual Attention Processing in Children with Dyslexia: A Preliminary Study

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