Neuroplasticity and MRI: A perfect match

Hamaide, Julie; Groof, Geert De; Linden, Annemie Van der

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.08.005

Cited by 39 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 207 publications

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“…Previous literature suggests that functional and structural plasticity might depend on the balance between processes promoting molecular flexibility (e.g., Hebbian plasticity) and stability (e.g., homeostatic plasticity) (Yin & Yuan, 2014), but the interaction between these mechanisms, the subsequent large-scale consequences on brain function and structure, and the behavioral response remain to be clarified (Hamaide, De Groof, & Van der Linden, 2016).…”

Section: Ta B L Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Short‐term Sahaja Yoga meditation training modulates brain structure and spontaneous activity in the executive control network

et al. 2018

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IntroductionWhile cross‐sectional studies have shown neural changes in long‐term meditators, they might be confounded by self‐selection and potential baseline differences between meditators and non meditators. Prospective longitudinal studies of the effects of meditation in naïve subjects are more conclusive with respect to causal inferences, but related evidence is so far limited.MethodsHere, we assessed the effects of a 4‐week Sahaja Yoga meditation training on gray matter density and spontaneous resting‐state brain activity in a group of 12 meditation‐naïve healthy adults.ResultsCompared with 30 control subjects, the participants to meditation training showed increased gray matter density and changes in the coherence of intrinsic brain activity in two adjacent regions of the right inferior frontal gyrus encompassing the anterior component of the executive control network. Both these measures correlated with self‐reported well‐being scores in the meditation group.ConclusionsThe significant impact of a brief meditation training on brain regions associated with attention, self‐control, and self‐awareness may reflect the engagement of cognitive control skills in searching for a state of mental silence, a distinctive feature of Sahaja Yoga meditation. The manifold implications of these findings involve both managerial and rehabilitative settings concerned with well‐being and emotional state in normal and pathological conditions.

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Section: Ta B L Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Short‐term Sahaja Yoga meditation training modulates brain structure and spontaneous activity in the executive control network

et al. 2018

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“…48 For example, changes in brain volume found with volumetric analyses tools do not allow the possibility to make a conclusion on changes at the cytoarchitectonial level. Moreover, changes in GM (and WM to some extent) could be the result of changes in neuropil, changes in neuronal size, dendritic and axonal adaptations, as well as be related to folding or the development of thicker GM.…”

Section: Implications For Countermeasures and Neuroimaging In Spaceflmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For a complete summary on the use of MRI-based techniques in neuroplasticity studies, readers are referred to. 48 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spaceflight-induced neuroplasticity in humans as measured by MRI: what do we know so far?

et al. 2017

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Space travel poses an enormous challenge on the human body; microgravity, ionizing radiation, absence of circadian rhythm, confinement and isolation are just some of the features associated with it. Obviously, all of the latter can have an impact on human physiology and even induce detrimental changes. Some organ systems have been studied thoroughly under space conditions, however, not much is known on the functional and morphological effects of spaceflight on the human central nervous system. Previous studies have already shown that central nervous system changes occur during and after spaceflight in the form of neurovestibular problems, alterations in cognitive function and sensory perception, cephalic fluid shifts and psychological disturbances. However, little is known about the underlying neural substrates. In this review, we discuss the current limited knowledge on neuroplastic changes in the human central nervous system associated with spaceflight (actual or simulated) as measured by magnetic resonance imaging-based techniques. Furthermore, we discuss these findings as well as their future perspectives, since this can encourage future research into this delicate and intriguing aspect of spaceflight. Currently, the literature suffers from heterogeneous experimental set-ups and therefore, the lack of comparability of findings among studies. However, the cerebellum, cortical sensorimotor and somatosensory areas and vestibular-related pathways seem to be involved across different studies, suggesting that these brain regions are most affected by (simulated) spaceflight. Extending this knowledge is crucial, especially with the eye on long-duration interplanetary missions (e.g. Mars) and space tourism.

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“…Our brain is characterized by being neuroplastic (e.g., [54]). This means that our daily experiences and our manifold interactions with diverse environments have a lasting impact on human's most precious organ.…”

Section: Neuroplasticity Of the Human Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Homo Digitalis: Important Research Issues for Psychology and the Neurosciences at the Dawn of the Internet of Things and the Digital Society

Montag

Diefenbach

2018

Sustainability

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Abstract:The present article gives an overview on central challenges humans face at the dawn of complex digital societies and the Internet of Things (IoT), i.e., a world completely connected to the Internet. Among the many challenges to be handled in digital societies is a growing fragmented life style leading to loss of productivity as well as moments for self-reflection. In all this, it is of tremendous importance to understand the impact of digital worlds on our brains and psyches and to reveal possible unintended side-effects of technology use. Does human nature change due to constant interactions with virtual realities? In this context, we also face the challenge to design digital worlds according to our mammalian-emotional heritage deeply anchored in subcortical areas of the human brain. Here, we refer to emotional needs as carved out by Panksepp's Affective Neuroscience Theory and how they can or cannot be fulfilled in digital worlds. Aside from a review of several key studies dealing with the raised challenges, some first solutions to successfully meet the mentioned problems are provided to achieve sustainable and healthy digital worlds, with whom humans can interact carefree on a daily basis.

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Neuroplasticity and MRI: A perfect match

Cited by 39 publications

References 207 publications

Short‐term Sahaja Yoga meditation training modulates brain structure and spontaneous activity in the executive control network

Short‐term Sahaja Yoga meditation training modulates brain structure and spontaneous activity in the executive control network

Spaceflight-induced neuroplasticity in humans as measured by MRI: what do we know so far?

Towards Homo Digitalis: Important Research Issues for Psychology and the Neurosciences at the Dawn of the Internet of Things and the Digital Society

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