Neuroprotective Activity of Evolvulus alsinoides & Centella asiatica Ethanolic Extracts in Scopolamine-Induced Amnesia in Swiss Albino Mice

Abstract

AIM: To carry out the comparative nootropic, neuroprotective potentials of two medicinal plant species.
 MATERIAL AND METHODS: For neuroprotective activity; behavior models (elevated plus maze & morris water maze), in vivo antioxidant (superoxide dismutase, catalase, lipid peroxidation & reduced glutathione), inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6 & TNF-α) and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) assessment procedures followed at different dosages i.e. 250 & 500 mg/kg of Evolvulus alsinoides and Centella asiatica ethanolic extracts. At the end of the study, it was performed histopathological analysis of the following organs: brain, heart, liver, and kidney.
 RESULTS: In oral administration of different doses of ethanolic extracts of both medicinal plants i.e. Sco + EEA 250 = 2.49 ± 0.29 , Sco + EEA 500 = 2.67 ± 0.36, Sco + ECA 250 = 2.33 ± 0.17, Sco + ECA 500 = 2.77 ± 0.21, Sco + EEA + ECA 250 = 2.61 ± 0.32 and Sco + EEA + ECA 500 = 2.79 ± 0.16 U/mg of protein respectively against the scopolamine induced group Sco (control) = 5.51 ± 0.35 U/mg of protein extracts shows neuroprotective and nootropic activity with reducing AChE level in the brain homogenate of swiss albino mice.
 CONCLUSION: Since the E. alsinoides & C. asiatica are already used in traditional Indian medicine as the neuroprotective agent and also found promising effects over inflammatory diseases, wound healing, and immunomodulatory activity. The neuroprotective effect of both plants extracts attributed to inhibition of AChE activity and improve the spatial memory formation.

Indian Medicinal Herbs and Formulations for Alzheimer’s Disease, from Traditional Knowledge to Scientific Assessment

“…In-vitro, aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of E. alsinoides showed free radicals scavenging, anti-inflammatory and enzymes (cholinesterase, glycogen synthase kinase-3-β, Rho kinase (ROCKI I), prolyl endopeptidase, catechol-o-methyl transferase and monoglycerol lipase) inhibitory activity, all of which are involved in the pathophysiology of AD [ 15 ]. Previous studies also indicated the memory enhancing effect of E. alsionoides in the experimental model of amnesia [ 191 , 192 ]. The methanol and water extract of E. alsinoides documented to exhibit acetylcholinesterase activity, supporting its potential in reverting neuronal dysfunctions and thus in management of AD [ 193 ].…”

Evolving Role of Natural Products from Traditional Medicinal Herbs in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

“…Results proved that the aqueous extract showed a better result than other extracts . In another study, the ethanolic extract of Evolvulus alsinoides was investigated for neuroprotective activity in scopolamine-induced amnesic mice at two different doses, which were 250 and 500 mg/kg by using the oral route of administration, and the result showed that inhibition in AchE decreased the level of lipid peroxidation and GSH and increased the level of catalase as well as the SOD level significantly …”

“…50 In another study, the ethanolic extract of Evolvulus alsinoides was investigated for neuroprotective activity in scopolamine-induced amnesic mice at two different doses, which were 250 and 500 mg/kg by using the oral route of administration, and the result showed that inhibition in AchE decreased the level of lipid peroxidation and GSH and increased the level of catalase as well as the SOD level significantly. 51 Bacopa monnieri. A study revealed that bacoside-A showed significant inhibition in fibrillation, cytotoxicity, and amyloid β (Aβ42).…”

Formulation, Characterization and Evaluation of Behavioral Effects of Suspension and Effervescent Granules of Evolvulus alsinoides Linn. and Convolvulus pluricaulis Choisy

“…It is used as a brain tonic against neurological disorders and amnesia. 13 Convolvulus pluricaulis (CP) is a traditional herbal plant, it is a wellknown herb in India and used as a nerving tonic for a long time ago. 14 All parts of this plant possess medicinal and therapeutic properties; it has been used traditionally for its antiepileptic, antioxidant, sleepinducing, anticancerous, antianxiety and cough relieving properties.…”