“…Many S1R agonists are anti-amnestic, synaptogenetic, and neuroprotective in conditions of neuronal stress (Antonini et al, 2009; Hindmarch and Hashimoto, 2010; Ruscher et al, 2011; Bolshakova et al, 2016). They also mitigate disease and symptoms in experimental models of ALS (Mancuso et al, 2012; Ono et al, 2014; Peviani et al, 2014; Ionescu et al, 2019), Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (Meunier and Hayashi, 2010; Fisher et al, 2016; Maurice and Goguadze, 2017; Hall et al, 2018; Goguadze et al, 2019; Ryskamp et al, 2019), Parkinson’s disease (PD) (Francardo et al, 2014; Francardo et al, 2019) Huntington’s disease (HD) (Squitieri et al, 2015; Geva et al, 2016; Bol’shakova et al, 2017; Garcia-Miralles et al, 2017; Ryskamp et al, 2017; Kusko et al, 2018) stroke (Allahtavakoli and Jarrott, 2011; Ruscher et al, 2011, 2012; Sato et al, 2014; Urfer et al, 2014) and traumatic brain injury (Dong et al, 2016). By contrast, S1R deficiency exacerbates progression of neurological disorders (Mavlyutov et al, 2011, 2013; Ha et al, 2012; Francardo et al, 2014; Miki et al, 2015; Maurice et al, 2018) as well as symptoms commonly associated with neurodegenerative diseases.…”