Neuroprotective effects of a combination of dexmedetomidine and hypothermia after incomplete cerebral ischemia in rats

Abstract

The combination of dexmedetomidine and hypothermia improved short-term neurologic outcome compared with the control group, whereas the combination therapy provided comparable neuroprotection with either of the two therapies alone.

Molecular targets and mechanism of action of dexmedetomidine in treatment of ischemia/reperfusion injury (Review)

“…These data suggest that DEX administration either prior to or immediately following brain injury has no effect on brain water content or short-term neurological outcomes in surgical brain injury. A previous study showed significant neurological improvement in DEX-treated animals following stroke (88). However, one particular study showed no difference in neurological outcome (90), which may be due to the larger area of injury, which created a marked deficit in surgical brain injury compared with other models.…”

“…An increasing number of in vitro and in vivo studies indicates that DEX also exerts a cell-protective effect on nervous tissue under ischemic conditions (16,35,(85)(86)(87)(88). The relative safety of DEX administered as a sedative agent to neonatal animals was associated with the development of hippocampal synaptic functions.…”

“…Co-administration of lidocaine and DEX improved the neurological outcome without the alteration of glutamate and NA levels during forebrain ischemia in rats (87). The DEX-hypothermia combination improved the short-term neurological outcome following unilateral transient forebrain ischemia in rats (88). DEX administration during mesenteric arterial occlusion decreased I/R-associated cellular damage (35).…”

PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway participates in neuroprotection by dexmedetomidine inhibits neuronic autophagy following traumatic brain injury in rats

“…9 Recently, A number of studies have demonstrated that Dex treatment may confer neuroprotection against ischemic cerebral injury. [10][11][12] Dex has also been reported to improve neuron survival in animals subjected to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. 11 In addition, both in vitro and in vivo evidence indicated that Dex could exert a cell-protective effect on nervous tissue under ischemic conditions.…”

“…[10][11][12] Dex has also been reported to improve neuron survival in animals subjected to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. 11 In addition, both in vitro and in vivo evidence indicated that Dex could exert a cell-protective effect on nervous tissue under ischemic conditions. 13 These neuroprotective effects of Dex against cerebral injury is associated with increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factors, stimulating astrocytic a 2 -adrenergic receptors and increasing astrocytic calcium concentrations.…”