Neuroprotective Effects of Cornus officinalis on Stress-Induced Hippocampal Deficits in Rats and H2O2-Induced Neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells

Abstract

Oxidative stress plays a vital role in neurodegenerative diseases. Cornus officinalis (CC) has a wide range of pharmacological activities (e.g., antioxidant, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory). The present study was undertaken to elucidate the neuroprotective mechanism of CC and fermented CC (FCC) on stress and H2O2-induced oxidative stress damage in rats and SH-SY5Y cells. A dose of 100 mg/kg CC or FCC was orally administered to rats 1 h prior to immobilization 2 h per day for 14 days. CC, especially FCC administration decreased immobility time in forced swim test (FST), effectively alleviated the oxidative stress, and remarkably decreased corticosterone, β-endorphin and increased serotonin levels, respectively. In cells, CC and FCC significantly inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and significantly increased the genes expression of antioxidant and neuronal markers, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Moreover, the pro-apoptotic factor Bax and anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 (Bax/Bcl-2) ratio was regulated by CC and FCC pretreatment. Both in rats and cells, CC and FCC downregulated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation. Taken together, these results demonstrated that CC and particularly FCC ameliorated oxidative stress and may be used on the neuroprotection.

Antiosteoarthritic Effect of Morroniside in Chondrocyte Inflammation and Destabilization of Medial Meniscus-Induced Mouse Model

“…Cornus officinalis (CO) of the dogwood genus has been found in Eastern Asia for more than 2000 years and has been employed as a traditional natural product for maintaining liver and kidney health [ 20 ]. Manu et al have indicated the beneficial effects of CO on type 2 diabetes, neuroinflammation, and bone loss [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Recent studies have shown that the CO extract possesses potent anti-inflammatory action against oxidative stress in RAW 264.7 cells and decreases proinflammatory factors, such as IL-1β, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), in numerous types of inflammation [ 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”

Antiadipogenic Effects of Mixtures of Cornus officinalis and Ribes fasciculatum Extracts on 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes and High-Fat Diet-Induced Mice

“…Cornus officinalis (CO) has been widely used as a commercialized raw material for tea and health supplements as an herbal medicine [23]. Many studies demonstrate protective effects of CO on hepatitis, osteoporosis, oxidative stress and obesity [24][25][26]. Ribes fasciculatum (RF) is also a common alternative traditional medication against inflammatory conditions such as allergy, aging and autoimmunity in Asia [27][28][29].…”

Mode of Action of Shan‐Zhu‐Yu (Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc.) in the Treatment of Depression Based on Network Pharmacology

“…In addition, Shan-Zhu-Yu extract can increase the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax and reduce the expression of caspase-3 in the damaged cortex; increase the levels of nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the chronic phase; enhance the expression of synaptophysin I, synaptophysin, and postsynaptic density protein 95; inhibit brain trauma apoptosis regulation in the chronic phase [ 28 ]; and regulate the level of corticosterone [ 29 ] , all could play a neuroprotective effect . Molecular docking showed that telocinobufagin and beta-sitosterol, the active ingredients of Shan-Zhu-Yu, can act on NR3C1 , Bax , and Bcl-2 to treat depression.…”