Neuroprotective mechanism of losartan and its interaction with nimesulide against chronic fatigue stress

Abstract

Potential role of angiotensin-II and cyclooxygenase have been suggested in the pathophysiology of chronic fatigue stress. The present study has been designed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of losartan and its interaction with nimesulide against chronic fatigue stress and related complications in mice. In the present study, male Laca mice (20-30 g) were subjected to running wheel activity test session (RWATS) for 6 min daily for 21 days. Losartan, nimesulide and their combinations were administered daily for 21 days, 45 min before being subjected to RWATS. Various behavioral and biochemical and neuroinflammatory mediators were assessed subsequently. 21 days RWATS treatment significantly decreased number of wheel rotations/6 min indicating fatigue stress like behaviors as compared to naive group. 21 days treatment with losartan (10 and 20 mg/kg, ip), nimesulide (5 and 10 mg/kg, po) and their combinations significantly improved behavior [increased number of wheel rotations, reversal of post-exercise fatigue, locomotor activity, antianxiety-like behavior (number of entries, latency to enter and time spent in mirror chamber), and memory performance (transfer latency in plus-maze performance task)], biochemical parameters (reduced serum corticosterone, brain lipid peroxidation, nitrite concentration, acetylcholinesterase activity, restored reduced glutathione levels and catalase activity) as compared to RWATS control. Besides, TNF-α, CRP levels were significantly attenuated by these drugs and their combinations as compared to control. The present study highlights the role of cyclooxygenase modulation in the neuroprotective effect of losartan against chronic fatigue stress-induced behavioral, biochemical and cellular alterations in mice.

Renin-angiotensin system: The underlying mechanisms and promising therapeutical target for depression and anxiety

“…In sub-chronic swim stress models, pretreatment with losartan (10 mg/kg) decreases anxiety-like and stress behaviors as manifested by enhancing the tendency to spend more time in the center area in the OFT ( 43 ). Chronic stress lead to neuropsychiatric disorders, such as anxiety and depression, the neuroprotective effect of losartan alleviates chronic fatiguing stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors ( 161 ). Moreover, pretreatment of losartan reveres the chronic restraint stress-induced increased anxiety-like behaviors and decreased motor activity ( 162 ).…”

Renin-angiotensin System: A New Promising Therapeutic and Mechanisms for Depression and Anxiety

“…In sub-chronic swim stress models, pretreatment with losartan (10 mg/kg, IP) decreased anxiety-like and stress behaviors as manifested by enhancing the tendency to spend more time in the center area in the OFT (Ranjbar et al, 2018). Chronic stress led to neuropsychiatric disorders, such as anxiety and depression, the neuroprotective effect of losartan alleviated chronic fatiguing stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors (Kumar et al, 2015). Chronic restraint stress-induced decreased motor activity and increased anxiety-like behaviors in rats can be reversed by chronic pretreatment of losartan(D. M. Pechlivanova et al, 2011).…”