Neuroprotective Potential of Chrysin: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Potential for Neurological Disorders

Abstract

Chrysin, a herbal bioactive molecule, exerts a plethora of pharmacological effects, including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and anti-cancer. A growing body of evidence has highlighted the emerging role of chrysin in a variety of neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, and brain tumors. Based on the results of recent pre-clinical studies and evidence from studies in humans, this review is focused on the molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of chrysin in different neurological diseases. In addition, the potential challenges, and opportunities of chrysin’s inclusion in the neurotherapeutics repertoire are critically discussed.

DNA Methylation: A Promising Approach in Management of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Disorders

“…Several gene locations that are associated with familial Parkinson’s disease, such as Parkinson’s disease (PARK 1-15) and other genes, have been identified through genetic studies. Other genes linked to sporadic PD have been identified, including leucine-rich repeat kinase-2, alpha-synuclein, microtubule-associated protein tau, and encoding for the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase [ 115 , 116 ].…”

Pharmacological, Neurochemical, and Behavioral Mechanisms Underlying the Anxiolytic- and Antidepressant-like Effects of Flavonoid Chrysin

“…Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are present in plants. They produce pharmacological actions in the peripheral and CNS [ 9 ]. They can cross the blood–brain barrier and interact with several neurotransmission systems and, thereby activating signaling pathways in specific brain structures involved in the physiopathology of anxiety and depression disorders [ 10 ].…”

“…They can cross the blood–brain barrier and interact with several neurotransmission systems and, thereby activating signaling pathways in specific brain structures involved in the physiopathology of anxiety and depression disorders [ 10 ]. In particular, the flavonoid chrysin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone) has been studied for its antioxidant properties; however, its neuropharmacological effects in specific brain structures involved in the physiopathology of several neuropsychiatric disorders, such as anxiety and depression, need to be studied [ 9 , 10 , 14 ].…”

“…Among polyphenols, flavonoids have been widely studied to develop complementary therapeutic strategies for the treatment of metabolic, cardiovascular, and neuropsychiatric disorders and cancer [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. In vitro and in vivo studies on the pharmacological action of the flavonoid chrysin have identified multiple effects of it on different systems in the organism [ 8 , 9 , 10 ], including the central nervous system (CNS). Chrysin exerts a neuropharmacological effect in brain structures such as the amygdala, hippocampus (HP), prefrontal cortex (PFC), and raphe nucleus, which are involved in the physiopathology of several neuropsychiatric disorders, such as anxiety and depression [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies for Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson’s Disease: A Perspective Through Preclinical and Clinical Evidence

“…Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a life-threatening progressive neurodegenerative disease, which is characterized by severe locomotor impairments including bradykinesia, tremor, and rigidity ( Kalia and Lang, 2015 ; Mishra et al, 2021 ; Angelopoulou et al, 2021 ; Ahmad et al, 2022 ; Kaur et al, 2022 ). These symptoms are the manifestation of substantia nigral dopaminergic neuron loss ( Kalia and Lang, 2015 ).…”