Neuroprotective Potential of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) in Neurological Conditions

Sandhir, Rajat; Sood, Abhilasha

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-59192-6_18

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Recent studies have indicated that Ashwagandha root improves the body's defense against chronic diseases not only by improving cell-mediated immunity, but also through producing potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that protect against cellular damage caused by free radicals and inflammatory mediators [ 31 , 32 ]. At the molecular level, Ashwagandha root may produce beneficial effects in AD by inhibiting the activation of NF- κ B, blocking β -amyloid (A β ) production, reducing apoptotic cell death, restoring synaptic function, and enhancing antioxidant effects through the migration of Nrf2 to the nucleus, where it increases the expression of antioxidant enzymes [ 33 ] ( Figure 3 ). It is suggested that WL-A activates the translocation of Nrf2 to the nucleus, where the transcription factor upregulates the expression of neuroprotective proteins, such as heme oxygenase-1 [ 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants For the Treatment Of Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…restores A β (25–35)-induced memory deficit in mice and recovers the decline of axons, dendrites, and synapses in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Based on the above information, it is proposed that WL-A is an important candidate for the treatment of dementia and neurodegenerative diseases, since it is able to repair damaged neuronal networks [ 33 , 38 ]. Ashwagandha is a safe herb [ 39 , 40 ], although a few people experience diarrhea or nausea after consuming the root.…”

Section: Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants For the Treatment Of Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ayurvedic Medicine for the Treatment of Dementia: Mechanistic Aspects

Farooqui

Мадан³

et al. 2018

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

109

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Ayurvedic medicine is a personalized system of traditional medicine native to India and the Indian subcontinent. It is based on a holistic view of treatment which promotes and supports equilibrium in different aspects of human life: the body, mind, and soul. Popular Ayurvedic medicinal plants and formulations that are used to slow down brain aging and enhance memory include Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri), Shankhpushpi (Convolvulus pluricaulis, Evolvulus alsinoides, and other species), gotu kola (Centella asiatica), and guggulu (Commiphora mukul and related species) and a formulation known as Brāhmī Ghṛita, containing Brahmi, Vacā (Acorus calamus), Kuṣṭha (Saussurea lappa), Shankhpushpi, and Purāṇa Ghṛita (old clarified butter/old ghee). The rationale for the utilization of Ayurvedic medicinal plants has depended mostly on traditional usage, with little scientific data on signal transduction processes, efficacy, and safety. However, in recent years, pharmacological and toxicological studies have begun to be published and receive attention from scientists for verification of their claimed pharmacological and therapeutic effects. The purpose of this review is to outline the molecular mechanisms, signal transduction processes, and sites of action of some Ayurvedic medicinal plants. It is hoped that this description can be further explored with modern scientific methods, to reveal new therapeutic leads and jump-start more studies on the use of Ayurvedic medicine for prevention and treatment of dementia.

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Section: Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants For the Treatment Of Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants For the Treatment Of Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Ayurvedic Medicine for the Treatment of Dementia: Mechanistic Aspects

Farooqui

Мадан³

et al. 2018

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

109

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“…It also helps in the restoration of synaptic function, and reduction of apoptotic cell death. It aids in migration of nuclear factor related E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) to the nucleus leading to a surge in the antioxidant enzyme expression and neuroprotective proteins like heme oxygenase-1, thus substantiating antioxidant effects beneficial in AD treatment and prevention [44,45]. It also contributes to neurite outgrowth and neuroprotective effects in vitro, axonal regeneration, and synaptic reconstruction in vitro and in vivo [46].…”

Section: Withania Somenifera (Ashwagandha)mentioning

confidence: 97%

Nature’s Derivative(s) as Alternative Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Treatments

Sharma

Kumar

2019

ADR

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Alzheimer's disease (AD), the 'Plague of Twenty-First Century,' is a crippling neurodegenerative disease that affects a majority of the older population globally. By 2050, the incidence of AD is expected to rise to 135 million, while no treatment(s) that can reverse or control the progression of AD are currently available. The treatment(s) in use are limited in their ability to manage the symptoms or slow the progression of the disease and can lead to some severe side effects. The overall care is economically burdensome for the affected individuals as well as the caretakers or family members. Thus, there is a pressing need to identify and develop much safer alternative therapies that can better manage AD. This review discusses a multitude of such treatments borrowed from Ayurveda, traditional Chinese practices, meditation, and exercising for AD treatment. These therapies are in practice since ancient times and reported to be beneficial as anti-AD therapies. Ayurvedic drugs like turmeric, Brahmi, Ashwagandha, etc., management of stress by meditation, regular exercising, and acupuncture have been reported to be efficient in their anti-AD usage. Besides, a combination of vitamins and natural dietary intakes is likely to play a significant role in combating AD. We conclude that the use of such alternative strategies will be a stepping-stone in preventing, treating, curing, or managing the disease.

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“…It inhibited nuclear factor NF-κB activation, which is responsible for the expression of oxidation and inflammation gene, thus prevented the accumulation of Aβ. WA also increased the neuro-protective protein heme oxygenase-1, which is beneficial to AD prevention [ 131 , 132 ]. WA additionally enhances memory [ 133 ], prevents Aβ production, reconstructs synapses, and regenerates axons [ 134 ].…”

Section: Therapeutic Implications Of Wa In Admentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Withaferin A and Its Derivatives in the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease: Recent Trends and Future Perspectives

et al. 2021

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Globally, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent age-related neurodegenerative disorders associated with cognitive decline and memory deficits due to beta-amyloid deposition (Aβ) and tau protein hyperphosphorylation. To date, approximately 47 million people worldwide have AD. This figure will rise to an estimated 75.6 million by 2030 and 135.5 million by 2050. According to the literature, the efficacy of conventional medications for AD is statistically substantial, but clinical relevance is restricted to disease slowing rather than reversal. Withaferin A (WA) is a steroidal lactone glycowithanolides, a secondary metabolite with comprehensive biological effects. Biosynthetically, it is derived from Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) and Acnistus breviflorus (Gallinero) through the mevalonate and non-mevalonate pathways. Mounting evidence shows that WA possesses inhibitory activities against developing a pathological marker of Alzheimer’s diseases. Several cellular and animal models’ particulates to AD have been conducted to assess the underlying protective effect of WA. In AD, the neuroprotective potential of WA is mediated by reduction of beta-amyloid plaque aggregation, tau protein accumulation, regulation of heat shock proteins, and inhibition of oxidative and inflammatory constituents. Despite the various preclinical studies on WA’s therapeutic potentiality, less is known regarding its definite efficacy in humans for AD. Accordingly, the present study focuses on the biosynthesis of WA, the epidemiology and pathophysiology of AD, and finally the therapeutic potential of WA for the treatment and prevention of AD, highlighting the research and augmentation of new therapeutic approaches. Further clinical trials are necessary for evaluating the safety profile and confirming WA’s neuroprotective potency against AD.

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Neuroprotective Potential of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) in Neurological Conditions

Cited by 8 publications

References 62 publications

Ayurvedic Medicine for the Treatment of Dementia: Mechanistic Aspects

Ayurvedic Medicine for the Treatment of Dementia: Mechanistic Aspects

Nature’s Derivative(s) as Alternative Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Treatments

Role of Withaferin A and Its Derivatives in the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease: Recent Trends and Future Perspectives

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