Neuropsychological and personality traits of adolescent and young adult female patients with depression accompanied by non-suicidal auto-aggression: basis for psychotherapy and neurorehabilitation strategies

Abstract

AIM: study of the specific features of the cognitive profile and personality characteristics of adolescent-adolescent patients suffering from depression accompanied by non-suicidal self-harming behaviour (hereinafter NSSB) as a basis for the development of a neurorehabilitation and psychotherapeutic programme METHODS: A study was conducted on 50 female patients aged 16 to 25 years (mean age – 19±2.2 years) with depressive states of various nosological nature (F31.3-4; F34.0; F21.3-4+F31.3-4; F60.X+F31.3-4), accompanied by non-suicidal self-injurious behavior (clinical group). The method of neuropsychological diagnostics was applied using Luria A.R.'s battery of tests. The control group consisted of 50 female individuals aged 16 to 25 years (mean age – 18±1.4 years). The psychometric method was represented by the "Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ)" and the "Deviant Behavior Manifestation Questionnaire (H-h)." Additionally, the Fear of Pain Questionnaire (FPQ-SF) and the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS). RESULTS: The study showed that young female patients suffering from depression with non-suicidal self-injurious behavior exhibit a number of neuropsychological and personality characteristics, such as impaired voluntary regulation of emotional processes and reduced cognitive flexibility, which may be potential factors in the emergence of behavioral deviations and lead to maladaptation. The results obtained indicate the necessity of a comprehensive approach to the rehabilitation of individuals with depressive states, including the use of neuropsychological methods and psychotherapy. The development of specialized support programs not only helps reduce anxiety levels but also positively affects cognitive functions and the quality of life of patients. Further research into the integration of these approaches and the analysis of their long-term outcomes appears promising, as this may serve as a basis for developing more effective non-pharmacological therapeutic methods in the field of mental health.CONCLUSION: Significant impairments in executive and regulatory function and disturbances in the neurodynamics of thought processes were found. The severity and combination of symptoms can be considered in the context of the specific cognitive and personality profile of this patient group. Based on the obtained data, the main principles of neurorehabilitative and psychotherapeutic strategies for these patients have been formulated.