Neuropsychological Assessment in Traumatic Brain Injury

Podell, Kenneth; Gifford, Katherine A.; Bougakov, Dmitri; Goldberg, Elkhonon

doi:10.1016/j.psc.2010.08.003

Cited by 49 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…1 Although the severity of an injury is known to affect outcome after a TBI, it has limited prognostic value. [2][3][4] With mild TBIs (mTBIs), people typically experience a range of short-term postconcussive symptoms (PCSs) that usually resolve in the first few months after an injury; however, a substantial minority report experiencing long-term problems. [5][6][7] Moderate-to-severe injuries, on the other hand, are generally associated with poorer outcomes, [8][9][10][11][12] although outcomes can vary appreciably between injuries that are ostensibly similar in severity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Psychological Trauma to Outcomes after Traumatic Brain Injury: Assaults versus Sporting Injuries

Mathias

Harman-Smith

Bowden

et al. 2014

Journal of Neurotrauma

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Clinical research into outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) frequently combines injuries that have been sustained through different causes (e.g., car accidents, assaults, and falls), the effect of which is not well understood. This study examined the contribution of injury-related psychological trauma—which is more commonly associated with specific types of injuries—to outcomes after nonpenetrating TBI in order to determine whether it may be having a differential effect in samples containing mixed injuries. Data from three groups that were prospectively recruited for two larger studies were compared: one that sustained a TBI as a result of physical assaults (i.e., psychologically traumatizing) and another as a result of sporting injuries (i.e., nonpsychologically traumatizing), as well as an orthopedic control group (OC). Psychosocial and emotional (postconcussion symptoms, injury-related stress, and depression), cognitive (memory, abstract reasoning, problem solving, and verbal fluency), and functional (general outcome; resumption of home, social, and work roles) outcomes were all assessed. The TBI(assault) group reported significantly poorer psychosocial and emotional outcomes and higher rates of litigation (criminal rather than civil) than both the TBI(sport) and OC groups approximately 6 months postinjury, but there were no differences in the cognitive or functional outcomes of the three groups. The findings suggest that the cause of a TBI may assist in explaining some of the differences in outcomes of people who have seemingly comparable injuries. Involvement in litigation and the cause of an injury may also be confounded, which may lead to the erroneous conclusion that litigants have poorer outcomes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Psychological Trauma to Outcomes after Traumatic Brain Injury: Assaults versus Sporting Injuries

Mathias

Harman-Smith

Bowden

et al. 2014

Journal of Neurotrauma

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“…Ideally, the patient's capacity to learn should be assessed prior to administration of educational activities [70] . Neuropsychologists use a variety of psychomotor tests to identify deficits in attention, memory, language, executive functions, visuospatial, visuomotor, and motor processes and can identify discrepancies between a patient's capacities to learn and subjective performance.…”

Section: Attention and Memory Impairmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lack of this information often leaves the health educator with only a gross assessment of learning capability. While individuals with cognitive deficits should undergo neuropsychological testing, testing will most likely need to be completed on an outpatient basis [70] . With limited objective information regarding cognitive function, presenting health promotion information to patients with cognitive disabilities continues to remain a challenge in the acute care setting.…”

Section: Attention and Memory Impairmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Considerations and strategies for educating stroke patients with neurological deficits

Griffin

Hickey²

2013

JNEP

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Objective: The objective of this article is to increase awareness and provide information for providers to guide educational strategies about potential obstacles encountered while educating patients with neurological deficits. Background:Stroke is the third leading cause of death worldwide. Those who survive are often left with disabilities that decrease quality of life and increase a need for institutional care. One quarter of patients diagnosed with stroke annually have had a stroke previously. Identification of personal risk factors and learning methods for controlling them is the first steps in preventing recurrent stroke. Conclusion:Educating patients about personal risk factors is not only a quality indicator for Joint Commission accredited stroke programs, but also education is associated with decreased readmission rates. However, the variety of neurological deficits seen in the stroke population can present a significant educational barrier.Practice Implications: Understanding the complexity and impact of neurological deficits affecting patients who have suffered a stroke may provide improved secondary prevention efforts. Providers who are able to fully evaluate educational needs and use this knowledge to individualize stroke education are essential in improving stroke outcomes through risk factor management and early recognition of recurrent stroke.

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“…O traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE) é um quadro neurológico que ocorre com frequência em adultos com idade inferior a 50 anos e que causa prejuízos cognitivos com grande impacto no cotidiano, nas relações, atividades de lazer, nos estudos e nas atividades laborais (Chabok et al, 2012;Draper, Ponsford & Schönberger, 2007;Mathias, Harman-Smith, Bowden, Rosenfeld & Bigler, 2014;Podell, Gifford, Bougakov & Goldberg, 2010;Tashlykov et al, 2007). Nos Estados Unidos, estimam-se em torno de 500 mil novos casos de morte por ano sejam devido ao TcE.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…A avaliação neuropsicológica funciona como um conjunto de métodos complexos e rigorosos para caracterizar o perfil cognitivo de pessoas após lesão cerebral adquirida, como o TCE (Fonseca, Zimmermann & Kochhann, 2015;Podell et al, 2010). Muitos estudos propuseram-se identificar habilidades cognitivas, comparando o desempenho entre grupos de pacientes e controles.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Frequência de déficits neuropsicológicos após traumatismo cranioencefálico.

Pereira

Holz

Pereira

et al. 2016

Acta. Colomb. Psicol.

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ResumoO traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE) pode acarretar mudanças no cotidiano e prejuízos social. laboral. comunicativo e cognitivo (dificuldades atencionais. mnemônicas e executivas). Este estudo buscou caracterizar a ocorrência de déficits neuropsicológicos após o TCE em uma amostra de adultos e verificar se há impacto do nível de severidade do trauma no desempenho cognitivo dos pacientes. Participaram 96 adultos. divididos em dois grupos: TCE leve (n=39) e grave (n=57). A gravidade do trauma foi classificada pela Escala de Coma de Glasgow. pela duração da perda de consciência. ou pela amnésia pós-traumática. Não houve diferença nas variáveis sociodemográficas idade e escolaridade entre os grupos. Para a comparação entre grupos quanto a ocorrência de déficits neuropsicológicos. utilizou-se o Qui-quadrado. Tarefas verbais e visuoespaciais de funções executivas. habilidades linguísticas. mnemônicas verbais compuseram uma bateria neuropsicológica flexível.Os pacientes com TCE leve tiveram menos déficits comparados aos com TCE grave (erros e categorias completadas do Wisconsin Teste de Classificação de Cartas; erros da parte B do Teste Hayling; e na interferência pró e retroativa do teste de aprendizagem verbal de Rey). A severidade do trauma parece diferenciar indivíduos no desempenho de memória episódica no contexto de maior sobrecarga de informações novas e no controle da interferência entre memórias; o mesmo se aplica às funções de flexibilidade e inibição. Fazse necessário um maior investimento em ações de políticas públicas de saúde. priorizando intervenção neurognitiva remediativa e métodos de prevenção para acidentes relacionados a lesões traumáticas com alta ocorrência de sequelas. Palavras-chave: traumatismo cranioencefálico. neuropsicologia. avaliação neuropsicológica. disfunção executiva. FRECUENCIA DE DÉFICITS NEUROPSICOLÓGICOS POSTERIORES A LESIÓN CEREBRAL TRAUMÁTICA ResumenEl traumatismo craneoencefálico (TCE) puede conllevar impactantes cambios en la vida cotidiana. que incluyen alteraciones a nivel social. profesional. comunicativo y cognitivo (dificultades atencionales. mnemónicas y ejecutivas). Este estudio tuvo por objeto caracterizar la ocurrencia de déficits neuropsicológicos post-TCE y constatar el impacto ocasionado por el nivel de severidad del trauma en el desempeño cognitivo de los pacientes. Participaron 96 adultos en la muestra total. que fue dividida en dos grupos para evaluar el nivel de severidad del trauma: TCE leve (n=39) y TCE grave (n=77). La gravedad de la lesión se clasificó por medio de la Escala de Coma de Glasgow. por la duración de la pérdida de consciencia. o por la amnesia postraumática. No había diferencias entre la edad y la escolaridad de los participantes. Para la comparación entre los grupos en cuanto a la distribución de ocurrencia de déficits neuropsicológicos. se utilizó el Chi-cuadrado. Se empleó una batería de evaluación neuropsicológica flexible conformada por tareas verbales y visoespaciales de habilidades lingüísticas. mnemónicas y ejecutivas. Los grupos n...

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Neuropsychological Assessment in Traumatic Brain Injury

Cited by 49 publications

References 79 publications

Contribution of Psychological Trauma to Outcomes after Traumatic Brain Injury: Assaults versus Sporting Injuries

Contribution of Psychological Trauma to Outcomes after Traumatic Brain Injury: Assaults versus Sporting Injuries

Considerations and strategies for educating stroke patients with neurological deficits

Frequência de déficits neuropsicológicos após traumatismo cranioencefálico.

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