Neuropsychological functioning in methadone maintenance patients versus abstinent heroin abusers

Verdejo, Antonio J. Moreno; Toribio, Inmaculada; Orozco, Carmen Elizabeth Rivera; Puente, Krista Lee; Pérez-Garcı́a, Miguel

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.11.006

Cited by 154 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

110

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…To date, only a handful of studies have investigated cognitive performance in opiate abstinent former heroin abusers (Verdejo et al, 2005;Lee and Pau, 2002;Pau et al, 2002;Davis et al, 2002;Mintzer et al, 2005). Three of the studies concluded that opiate-abstinent subjects demonstrate a lesser degree of neuropsychological impairment compared to subjects receiving methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) (Verdejo, 2005;Davis et al, 2002;Mintzer et al, 2002Mintzer et al, ,2005.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three of the studies concluded that opiate-abstinent subjects demonstrate a lesser degree of neuropsychological impairment compared to subjects receiving methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) (Verdejo, 2005;Davis et al, 2002;Mintzer et al, 2002Mintzer et al, ,2005. Verdejo et al (2005) reported that methadone maintained subjects performed worse than abstinent heroin abusers on tests of processing speed and response inhibition (Five Digit Test), tests of visuo-spatial attention and cognitive flexibility (Oral Trails Test), and a test of reasoning (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III Similarities subtest). Verdejo et al concluded that methadone consumption by itself may be associated with cognitive deficits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Davis et al (2002) included subjects who had been abstinent for only 6 weeks, and Verdejo et al (2005) may have included subjects who had been abstinent for only 15 days: the duration of protracted abstinence in these studies was not well established. Only Mintzer et al (2005) tested her subjects with urine toxicology and yet in this study subjects who had tested positive for cocaine or heroin were not excluded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only Mintzer et al (2005) tested her subjects with urine toxicology and yet in this study subjects who had tested positive for cocaine or heroin were not excluded. Additionally, the cross-sectional studies that have directly compared opiate-dependent subjects in MMT with those who are opiate-abstinent lacked healthy controls (Verdejo et al, 2005), or used pain management subjects as controls (Davis et al, 2002). Finally, all three studies (Davis et al, 2002;Verdejo et al, 2005;Mintzer et al, 2005) report ample evidence of no statistical difference between test results of methadone maintained and opiate-abstinent subjects between levels and cognitive functioning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Neuropsychological functioning in opiate-dependent subjects receiving and following methadone maintenance treatment

Prosser

Cohen

Steinfeld

et al. 2006

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective-An accumulating body of research suggests that former heroin abusers in methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) exhibit deficits in cognitive function. Whether these deficits are present in former methadone maintained patients following discontinuation of MMT is unknown. This study tests the hypothesis that former heroin users who have detoxified from methadone maintenance therapy and are drug-free have less pronounced cognitive impairment than patients continuing longterm MMT.Method-A series of neuropsychological tests were administered to three groups of subjects: 29 former heroin addicts receiving methadone maintenance treatment, 27 former heroin addicts withdrawn from all opiates, and 29 healthy controls without a history of drug dependence. Testing included Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised Vocabulary Test, the Stroop Color-Word Test, the Controlled Oral Word Association Test, the Benton Visual Retention Test, and a Substance Use Inventory.Findings-Both methadone-maintained and abstinent subject groups performed worse than controls on tasks that measured verbal function, visual-spatial analysis and memory, and resistance to distractibility. Abstinent subjects performed worse than their methadone maintained counterparts on tests measuring visual memory and construct formation. Cognitive impairment did not correlate with any index of drug use.Conclusions-We confirmed previous findings of neuropsychological impairment in long-term MMT recipients. Both patients receiving MMT and former heroin users in prolonged abstinence exhibited a similar degree of cognitive impairment. Cognitive dysfunction in patients receiving methadone maintenance may not resolve following methadone detoxification.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Neuropsychological functioning in opiate-dependent subjects receiving and following methadone maintenance treatment

Prosser

Cohen

Steinfeld

et al. 2006

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[4][5][6][7][8] However, less severe deficits in memory, concentration and attention abilities remain common, [9][10][11] with some estimates as high as almost 40%. 6 Substance use, also common in this population, is a major risk factor thought to exacerbate neuropsychological dysfunction, 12 and the risk of neuropsychological impairment may be particularly high in opiate users 13,14 and methadone maintenance patients, [15][16][17][18][19] regardless of HIV status. However, at least one study 20 suggests that engagement in methadone maintenance therapy improves neuropsychological performance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Neuropsychological Functioning on Adherence to HAART in HIV-Infected Substance Abuse Patients

Applebaum

Reilly

Gonzalez

et al. 2009

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study assessed the frequency of neuropsychological impairment and its relationship to adherence in a sample of HIV-infected injection drug users (IDUs) in treatment. One hundred eight participants recruited between September 2006 and October 2008 completed psychodiagnostic and neuropsychological assessments and monitored HAART adherence over a 2-week period via the use of Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS) electronic pill caps and self-report. Assessment of concurrent functioning included clinician-rated scales of depression and substance use severity, and a battery of neuropsychological tests. Findings from individual neuropsychological tests were converted to Z scores relative to standard norms and averaged to form a composite score (NPZ). NPZ was generally poor (mean ¼ À1.505, standard deviation ¼ 1.120), with 76.9% of the sample being classified as highly impaired. Self-reported adherence was significantly higher than MEMS cap adherence. In contrast with previous studies, overall neuropsychological functioning was not a significant predictor of electronically monitored or self-reported adherence. However, examiner-rated current global severity of substance use and delayed word list recall emerged as significant predictors of self-reported adherence. Additionally, estimated premorbid verbal intelligence emerged as a significant predictor of the discrepancy between electronically monitored and self-reported adherence. Given the extent of neuropsychological impairment in this sample, future studies should examine the degree to which the impact of neuropsychological impairment may moderate interventions for this population, and the extent to which skills to cope with neuropsychological problems may boost the potential efficacy of such interventions.

show abstract

Psychosocial

Ross¹,

Duperrouzel²,

Pacheco‐Colón³

et al. 2020

The Wiley Encyclopedia of Health Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neuropsychological functioning in methadone maintenance patients versus abstinent heroin abusers

Cited by 154 publications

References 15 publications

Neuropsychological functioning in opiate-dependent subjects receiving and following methadone maintenance treatment

Neuropsychological functioning in opiate-dependent subjects receiving and following methadone maintenance treatment

The Impact of Neuropsychological Functioning on Adherence to HAART in HIV-Infected Substance Abuse Patients

Psychosocial

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About