Neuropsychological Side Effects of ß-Blockers

Dimsdale, Joel E.; Newton, Ruth P.; Joist, T

doi:10.1001/archinte.1989.00390030020005

Cited by 77 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Anecdotal evidence has long indicated that these β-blockers may impair memory, although formal memory testing generally failed to reveal effect of β-blockers on memory (Dimsdale et al 1989;McAinsh and Cruickshank 1990). However, prior experiments typically examined only memory for relatively unemotional material.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory for emotional events: differential effects of centrally versus peripherally acting β-blocking agents

et al. 1998

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Substantial evidence from animal research indicates that enhanced memory associated with emotional experiences involves activation of the beta-adrenergic system. This hypothesis is further supported by the finding in human subjects that blockade of beta-adrenergic receptors with propranolol selectively reduced memory for emotional events. In the present study, we compared the effects of propranolol, a lipid soluble drug which crosses the blood-brain barrier easily, with those of nadolol, a water soluble drug which crosses the blood-brain barrier to a considerably lesser extent, to determine whether the effect involved peripheral or central beta-adrenergic receptors. The effects of these drugs, taken before subjects watched a slide show that was either emotionally arousing or relatively neutral in content, were tested 1 week later with a surprise memory test. Consistent with previous results, propranolol impaired memory (recall and recognition) in the subjects who saw the emotional version of the slide show. In contrast, nadolol did not impair memory of the emotional slide show. These results indicate that the blockade of central beta-adrenergic receptors is responsible for the reduction in storage of emotional events. The results support the view that memory of a mild emotional event involves activation of central, but not necessarily peripheral beta-adrenergic receptors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory for emotional events: differential effects of centrally versus peripherally acting β-blocking agents

et al. 1998

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“…Beta-blockers, especially propanolol, have been reported to cause delirium. 9 Diuretics can induce delirium by dehydration and electrolyte disturbances.…”

Section: Medications Associated With Deliriummentioning

confidence: 99%

An approach to drug induced delirium in the elderly

Alagiakrishnan

Wiens

2004

Postgraduate Medical Journal

289

202

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Drugs have been associated with the development of delirium in the elderly. Successful treatment of delirium depends on identifying the reversible contributing factors, and drugs are the most common reversible cause of delirium. Anticholinergic medications, benzodiazepines, and narcotics in high doses are common causes of drug induced delirium. This article provides an approach for clinicians to prevent, recognise, and manage drug induced delirium. It also reviews the mechanisms for this condition, especially the neurotransmitter imbalances involving acetylcholine, dopamine, and gamma aminobutyric acid and discusses the age related changes that may contribute to altered pharmacological effects which have a role in delirium. Specific interventions for high risk elderly with the goal of preventing drug induced delirium are discussed.

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“…ß-Blockers ß-Blockers, especially propranolol, have been reported to induce delirium [29]. The influence on cognitive functions differs little between water-or lipid-soluble ß-blocking drugs.…”

Section: Calcium Blockersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drugs That Induce Delirium

Karlsson

1999

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Drug-induced delirium is often seen in clinical practice. Most knowledge about delirium-inducing drugs comes from reports on side effects, and few systematic studies have been done in the field. Delirium is strongly associated with anticholinergic activity; drugs of different classes, including tricyclic antidepressants and traditional high-dose neuroleptics, constitute a high-risk group. A large number of drugs, including benzodiazepines, sedatives, dopamine-activating drugs, antiepileptics, histamine H2 receptor blockers, digitalis and analgesics, are less frequently associated with delirious reactions and constitute a medium-high-risk group. Some of these drugs do not have anticholinergic effects but in vitro have shown to bind to muscarine receptors. The risk of inducing delirium in frail elderly and demented persons clearly suggests that drugs which might induced delirium should be avoided.

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Neuropsychological Side Effects of ß-Blockers

Cited by 77 publications

References 56 publications

Memory for emotional events: differential effects of centrally versus peripherally acting β-blocking agents

Memory for emotional events: differential effects of centrally versus peripherally acting β-blocking agents

An approach to drug induced delirium in the elderly

Drugs That Induce Delirium

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