Neuropsychological test validity in Veterans presenting with subjective complaints of ‘very severe’ cognitive symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury

Spencer, Robert J.; Waldron-Perrine, Brigid; Drag, Lauren L.; Pangilinan, Percival H.; Axelrod, Bradley N.; Bieliauskas, Linas A.

doi:10.1080/02699052.2016.1218546

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…DS ACSS has also been applied as a PVT, with scaled scores ≤5 suggesting invalid performance (Webber & Soble, 2018). Evidence suggests that DS ACSS may be as effective as RDS and potentially superior among older (e.g., 39-69) clinical groups and those at higher risk of neurocognitive impairment (Jasinski et al, 2011;Reese, Suhr, & Riddle, 2012;Spencer et al, 2013Spencer et al, , 2017Webber & Soble, 2018). In a sample of veterans referred to a neuropsychological clinic, DS ACSS significantly predicted group membership (e.g., valid vs. invalid performance) with an AUC of .85 (Webber & Soble, 2018).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Validity Testing in Justice-Involved Adults with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

Mullally

McLachlan

MacKillop

et al. 2020

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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Objectives: A number of commonly used performance validity tests (PVTs) may be prone to high failure rates when used for individuals with severe neurocognitive deficits. This study investigated the validity of 10 PVT scores in justice-involved adults with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), a neurodevelopmental disability stemming from prenatal alcohol exposure and linked with severe neurocognitive deficits. Method: The sample comprised 80 justice-involved adults (ages 19–40) including 25 with confirmed or possible FASD and 55 where FASD was ruled out. Ten PVT scores were calculated, derived from Word Memory Test, Genuine Memory Impairment Profile, Advanced Clinical Solutions (Word Choice), the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Fourth Edition (Reliable Digit Span and age-corrected scaled scores (ACSS) from Digit Span, Coding, Symbol Search, Coding – Symbol Search, Vocabulary – Digit Span), and the Wechsler Memory Scale – Fourth Edition (Logical Memory II Recognition). Results: Participants with diagnosed/possible FASD were more likely to fail any single PVT, and failed a greater number of PVTs overall, compared to those without FASD. They were also more likely to fail based on Word Memory Test, Digit Span ACSS, Coding ACSS, Symbol Search ACSS, and Logical Memory II Recognition, compared to controls (35–76%). Across both groups, substantially more participants with IQ <70 failed two or more PVTs (90%), compared to those with an IQ ≥70 (44%). Conclusions: Results highlight the need for additional research examining the use of PVTs in justice-involved populations with FASD.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Validity Testing in Justice-Involved Adults with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

Mullally

McLachlan

MacKillop

et al. 2020

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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“…As symptom reporting is inherently a subjective process, it is fraught with potential validity questions, including exaggerated symptom reporting and recall bias. As reviewed by (Silver, 2015), there are high levels of what are considered invalid symptom and neurocognitive test performance in those evaluated for the effects of an mTBI and/or PTSD, including military servicemen and women (Cooper et al, 2011;Spencer et al, 2017). Part of the problem with symptom reporting in those meeting criteria for having sustained an mTBI is that the symptoms are diverse, and none are specific to brain injury, as discussed in the Comorbidity section above (Hiploylee et al, 2017;Tator et al, 2016).…”

Section: Symptom Validity Concernsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinating Global Multi-Site Studies of Military-Relevant Traumatic Brain Injury: Opportunities, Challenges, and Harmonization Guidelines

Tate¹,

Dennis²,

Adams³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common among military personnel and is often followed by a heterogeneous array of clinical, cognitive, behavioral, mood, and neuroimaging changes. This inconsistent presentation makes it difficult to establish or validate biological and imaging markers that could help improve diagnostic and prognostic accuracy in this patient population. The purpose of this manuscript is to describe both the challenges and opportunities when conducting research with Service Members and Veterans and introduce the Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Military Brain Injury working group. ENIGMA is a worldwide consortium focused on improving replicability and analytical power through data sharing and collaboration. In this paper, we discuss challenges affecting efforts to aggregate data in this patient group. In addition, we highlight how “big data” approaches might be used to understand better the role that each of these variables might play in the imaging and functional phenotypes of TBI in Service Member and Veteran populations, and how data may be used to examine important military specific issues such as return to duty, the late effects of combat-related injury, and alteration of the natural aging processes.

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Malingering of Executive Functioning in Head Injury Litigation

Suhr

Bryant

Cook

2021

Detection of Malingering During Head Injury Litigation

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Neuropsychological test validity in Veterans presenting with subjective complaints of ‘very severe’ cognitive symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury

Abstract: Veterans with suspected mTBI who report 'very severe' cognitive impairment have a greater likelihood of putting forth sub-optimal effort on objective testing.

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Performance Validity Testing in Justice-Involved Adults with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

Performance Validity Testing in Justice-Involved Adults with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

Coordinating Global Multi-Site Studies of Military-Relevant Traumatic Brain Injury: Opportunities, Challenges, and Harmonization Guidelines

Malingering of Executive Functioning in Head Injury Litigation

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