Neurosurgical Approaches to Brain Tissue Harvesting for the Establishment of Cell Cultures in Neural Experimental Cell Models

Abstract

In recent decades, cell biology has made rapid progress. Cell isolation and cultivation techniques, supported by modern laboratory procedures and experimental capabilities, provide a wide range of opportunities for in vitro research to study physiological and pathophysiological processes in health and disease. They can also be used very efficiently for the analysis of biomaterials. Before a new biomaterial is ready for implantation into tissues and widespread use in clinical practice, it must be extensively tested. Experimental cell models, which are a suitable testing ground and the first line of empirical exploration of new biomaterials, must contain suitable cells that form the basis of biomaterial testing. To isolate a stable and suitable cell culture, many steps are required. The first and one of the most important steps is the collection of donor tissue, usually during a surgical procedure. Thus, the collection is the foundation for the success of cell isolation. This article explains the sources and neurosurgical procedures for obtaining brain tissue samples for cell isolation techniques, which are essential for biomaterial testing procedures.

The Brainstem Cavernoma Case Series: A Formula for Surgery and Surgical Technique

“…The most common surgical complications are the standard complications that can occur with almost any neurosurgical procedure. In general, surgical complication rates vary between 2% and 9% [ 48 ]. These include a mortality rate of 1.5%, a wound infection rate of 1.5% and a bleeding rate of 4.5% at the surgical site.…”

“…These include a mortality rate of 1.5%, a wound infection rate of 1.5% and a bleeding rate of 4.5% at the surgical site. Postoperative medical complications can occur in 3% to 9% of patients [ 48 , 49 ]. Complications related to the cranial nerves, sensory and motor pathways, cerebellar mutism, and cerebrospinal fluid circulation are possible with brainstem surgery [ 49 ].…”

Biomarkers in neurodegenerative diseases: a broad overview

“…Examples of some miRNA and protein biomarkers are summarized in Tables 1 and 2. The comparatively slower progress of biomarkers for CNS disorders, compared to other areas of research, can be attributed to intricate processes, challenges in obtaining CNS tissue samples, and the complexities of the brain's structure and functions [48,49]. Additionally, numerous external factors can influence the design and outcomes of studies, including the interplay between genes and the environment, the diversity of CNS disorders, and variations in patient populations.…”

Blood–Brain Barrier Breakdown in Neuroinflammation: Current In Vitro Models

“…Primary cells are isolated from postmortem brain tissue (or from donor tissue that was collected during a surgical procedure), and they are then frozen in a “low passage”. Thus, postmortem tissues are easier to acquire, but the material isolated from surgeries often serves a better yield [ 88 ]. They exhibit characteristics close to the in vivo NVU.…”