Neurotensin elevates hepatic bile acid secretion in chickens by a mechanism requiring an intact enterohepatic circulation

Gui, Xianyong; DeGolier, Teresa; Duke, Gary E.; Carraway, Robert E.

doi:10.1016/s0742-8413(00)00126-2

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Neurotensin increases contraction of the smooth muscles of the chicken crop (Denac and Scharrer, 1987), stimulates motility of the smooth muscle of the chicken ileum, caecum and colon in vitro (Rawson et al, 1990) and elevates bile acid release (Gui et al, 2000). Neurotensin-containing nerve fibres have been identified immunologically in the chicken proventiculus, duodenum, jejunum, caeca and colon but not in the oesophagus or crop (Atoji et al, 1994;.…”

Section: Neurotensinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Poultry

Scanes

Pierzchała-Koziec

2014

Avian Biology Research

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This review provides an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) of poultry, particularly of the domesticated chicken. The structure and functioning of the major regions of the GIT are discussed bringing together recent studies with the older, often neglected, literature. Attention is focused on the GIT as an immune organ and on GIT fermentation/bacterial colonisation. In addition, the interactions of nutrition with GIT biology are discussed. The roles of neuropeptides and hormones on the development and functioning of the GIT are extensively reviewed.

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Section: Neurotensinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Poultry

Scanes

Pierzchała-Koziec

2014

Avian Biology Research

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“…In other species (e.g., ducks), bile produced in the left side of the liver can reach the gall bladder via a common sinus. Chickens, 25 pigeons, 26 and presumably all birds possess an efficient enterohepatic circulation that recovers bile acids and other sterols by active transport in distal areas of the small intestine. 27 Resorbed bile acids enter the portal vein and are returned to the liver where they are secreted again.…”

Section: Bile Secretionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Impact of Nutritional Strategy on Noninvasive Measurements of Hormones in Birds

Klasing

2005

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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The dietary preferences, gastrointestinal anatomy, digestive physiology, biochemical capabilities, and commensal microflora of a bird are collectively known as its nutritional strategy. Measurement of hormones in droppings requires an appreciation of an animal's nutritional strategy in order to optimize collection protocols, validate techniques, interpret results, and minimize variability and artifacts. Foods of animal origin, nectar, and seeds are highly digestible by relatively simple digestive tracts and result in low rates of feces production. Most frugivorous species also have simple digestive tracts, and they digest the fruit's simple sugars and proteins, but not the fiber in its pulp. Consequently, retention time of food in the digestive tract is short, and their droppings are voluminous. Herbivorous species possess enlarged ceca that house microorganisms that aid in the digestion of fibrous components of their food. Part of the digesta enters the ceca and is subjected to lengthy microbial fermentation. The rest is excluded and quickly passes through the rectum, and is quickly defecated. For measurement of hormones in droppings it appears prudent to collect only rectal feces and to avoid cecal feces. One-third of the avian families are omnivorous and consume a wide variety of foods. Their digestive strategies are highly variable and change with diet, as does the amount and composition of feces and the rate of passage.

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“…In the small intestine NT is synthesized and secreted by specific mucosal endocrine cells in response to several different stimuli (3,4). NT alters motility in the stomach, small bowel, and colon (5-7), stimulates secretion in the ileum (8), pancreas (9), and the biliary tract (10), and causes Cl Ϫ secretion from human colonic mucosa (11). NT also stimulates growth and regeneration of the intestinal mucosa (12,13) and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of colon cancer (14,15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metalloproteinase-dependent Transforming Growth Factor-α Release Mediates Neurotensin-stimulated MAP Kinase Activation in Human Colonic Epithelial Cells

Zhao¹,

Zhan²,

Koon³

et al. 2004

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Expression of the neuropeptide neurotensin (NT) and its high affinity receptor (NTR1) is increased during the course of Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced acute colitis, and NTR1 antagonism attenuates the severity of toxin A-induced inflammation. We recently demonstrated in non-transformed human colonic epithelial NCM460 cells that NT treatment caused activation of a Ras-mediated MAP kinase pathway that significantly contributes to NT-induced interleukin-8 (IL-8) secretion. Here we used NCM460 cells, which normally express low levels of NTR1, and NCM460 cells stably transfected with NTR1 to identify the upstream signaling molecules involved in NT-NTR1-mediated MAP kinase activation. We found that inhibition of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) by either an EGFR neutralizing antibody or by its specific inhibitor AG1478 (0.2 M) blocked NT-induced MAP kinase activation. Moreover, NT stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGFR, and pretreatment with a broad spectrum metalloproteinase inhibitor batimastat reduced NT-induced MAP kinase activation. Using neutralizing antibodies against the EGFR ligands EGF, heparin-binding-EGF, transforming growth factor-␣ (TGF␣), or amphiregulin we have shown that only the anti-TGF␣ antibody significantly decreases NT-induced phosphorylation of EGFR and MAP kinases. Furthermore, inhibition of the EGF receptor by AG1478 significantly reduced NT-induced IL-8 promoter activity and IL-8 secretion. This is the first report demonstrating that NT binding to NTR1 transactivates the EGFR and that this response is linked to NT-mediated proinflammatory signaling. Our findings indicate that matrix metalloproteinase-mediated release of TGF␣ and subsequent EGFR transactivation triggers a NT-mediated MAP kinase pathway that leads to IL-8 gene expression in human colonic epithelial cells.Neurotensin (NT), 1 a 13-amino acid neuropeptide originally isolated by Carraway and Leeman (1) from bovine hypothalamus, is also localized in the gastrointestinal tract (2). In the small intestine NT is synthesized and secreted by specific mucosal endocrine cells in response to several different stimuli (3, 4). NT alters motility in the stomach, small bowel, and colon (5-7), stimulates secretion in the ileum (8), pancreas (9), and the biliary tract (10), and causes Cl Ϫ secretion from human colonic mucosa (11). NT also stimulates growth and regeneration of the intestinal mucosa (12, 13) and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of colon cancer (14, 15).Two G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been described for NT, a high affinity (NTR1) and a low affinity (NTR2) receptor (16). A third, non-G protein-coupled receptor has also been identified (17). Several studies underline the importance of NTR1 in several intestinal pathologic conditions. For example, administration of the specific NTR1 antagonist SR 48692 to rats inhibits colonic mucin and prostaglandin E2 secretion and mast cell activation in response to immobilization stress (18). NTR1 antagonism also reduces colonic secretion and infla...

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Neurotensin elevates hepatic bile acid secretion in chickens by a mechanism requiring an intact enterohepatic circulation

Cited by 14 publications

References 29 publications

Biology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Poultry

Biology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Poultry

Potential Impact of Nutritional Strategy on Noninvasive Measurements of Hormones in Birds

Metalloproteinase-dependent Transforming Growth Factor-α Release Mediates Neurotensin-stimulated MAP Kinase Activation in Human Colonic Epithelial Cells

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