Like the noun mysticism, the phrase mystical experience is a modern Western construction that possesses no settled meaning. Well into the 18th century, the adjective mystical mainly modified theology in reference to devotional practices recommended to Christians for attaining closeness to God; it also characterized the exegetical disposition to search for hidden meaning in scriptural texts. The noun mysticism came into use in the middle of the 18th century, at first only to disparage seemingly fanatic sectarians. By extension, some used the term mystics to refer to a putative sect that sought direct experience of God, a usage that lasted into the latter half of the 19th century. By then, however, others had challenged such pejorative meanings, equating mystical instead with spiritual and arguing that the mystics were the guardians of genuine spirituality. Mysticism became "a global species of religious experience with innumerable subspecies, historical, geographic, and national" (Schmidt, 2003, p. 282).