Neurotoxic: Ciguatoxin and brevetoxin—From excitotoxicity to neurotherapeutics

Murray, Thomas F.

doi:10.1016/bs.ant.2021.03.003

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Instead, K. brevis toxicity is widely attributed to BTXs and their derivatives being neurotoxic, hemolytic, and potent inducers of oxidative stress [ 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 ]. Its specific mode of action in blocking voltage gated sodium channels of most organisms in particular [ 28 , 66 ], suggests BTxs as the most parsimonious explanation for the observed toxicity of K. brevis to larval red porgy [ 60 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of the Harmful Algal Bloom Species Karenia brevis on Survival of Red Porgy (Pagrus pagrus) Larvae

Litaker

Bogdanoff

Hardison

et al. 2022

Toxins

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The harmful algal bloom species, Karenia brevis, forms annual, often intense blooms in the Gulf of Mexico, particularly along the west Florida shelf. Though the ability of K. brevis blooms to cause mass mortalities in juvenile fish are well documented, the direct effect of bloom concentrations on larval fish has not been studied extensively. To better understand the potential effect of K. brevis on larval fish survival, laboratory spawned red porgy (Pagrus pagrus) larvae from 4–26 days post-hatch were exposed to concentrations of K. brevis observed in the field for either 24 or 48 h. This species is representative of fish which spawn in regions of the Gulf of Mexico and whose larvae are epipelagic and may encounter K. brevis blooms. In this study, three different K. brevis strains varying in the amount of brevetoxin produced were tested. Larval survivorship was found to be inversely proportional to the amount of brevetoxin produced by each strain. The EC50 value from the combined 24 h experiments was ~163,000 K. brevis cells L−1, which corresponds to cell concentrations found in moderately dense blooms. Larval mortality also increased substantially in the 48 h versus 24 h exposure treatments. These findings indicate K. brevis blooms have the potential to contribute to natural mortality of fish larvae and further reduce inter-annual recruitment of fishery species whose stocks in the Gulf of Mexico may already be depleted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of the Harmful Algal Bloom Species Karenia brevis on Survival of Red Porgy (Pagrus pagrus) Larvae

Litaker

Bogdanoff

Hardison

et al. 2022

Toxins

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“…These compounds can bind to voltage-gated sodium channels in nerve cells and disrupt normal neurological processes, then alter the membrane properties of excitable cell types in ways. BTXs, through enhancing the inward flow of Na + ions into the cell, cause neuron depolarization [73]. The brevetoxins are tasteless, odorless, and heat and acid-stable, which can be murderous to fishes, birds, and mammals with (lethal dose resulting in 50% deaths) LD 50 = 0.20 mg/kg body weight.…”

Section: Brevetoxins (Btxs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Aptasensing Strategies for Monitoring Phycotoxins: Promising for Food Safety

Zahraee

Mehrzad²,

Abnous

et al. 2022

Biosensors

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Phycotoxins or marine toxins cause massive harm to humans, livestock, and pets. Current strategies based on ordinary methods are long time-wise and require expert operators, and are not reliable for on-site and real-time use. Therefore, it is urgent to exploit new detection methods for marine toxins with high sensitivity and specificity, low detection limits, convenience, and high efficiency. Conversely, biosensors can distinguish poisons with less response time and higher selectivity than the common strategies. Aptamer-based biosensors (aptasensors) are potent for environmental monitoring, especially for on-site and real-time determination of marine toxins and freshwater microorganisms, and with a degree of superiority over other biosensors, making them worth considering. This article reviews the designed aptasensors based on the different strategies for detecting the various phycotoxins.

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Treatment of the red tide dinoflagellate Karenia brevis and brevetoxins using USEPA-registered algaecides

Berthold

Wang

et al. 2022

Harmful Algae

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Neurotoxic: Ciguatoxin and brevetoxin—From excitotoxicity to neurotherapeutics

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

The Effects of the Harmful Algal Bloom Species Karenia brevis on Survival of Red Porgy (Pagrus pagrus) Larvae

The Effects of the Harmful Algal Bloom Species Karenia brevis on Survival of Red Porgy (Pagrus pagrus) Larvae

Recent Advances in Aptasensing Strategies for Monitoring Phycotoxins: Promising for Food Safety

Treatment of the red tide dinoflagellate Karenia brevis and brevetoxins using USEPA-registered algaecides

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