2020
DOI: 10.1016/bs.ant.2019.11.003
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Neurotoxicity of amitraz, a formamidine pesticide

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Cited by 4 publications
(7 citation statements)
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“…However, the similarity between insect octopamine receptors and mammalian α 2 -adrenergic receptors (α 2 -adrenoceptors) indicates that adrenergic receptors can be a target for amitraz. In fact, both in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that amitraz acts as rather selective agonists for α 2 -adrenoceptors, inducing several of its neurotoxic effects mainly through the activation of these receptors [11,12].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…However, the similarity between insect octopamine receptors and mammalian α 2 -adrenergic receptors (α 2 -adrenoceptors) indicates that adrenergic receptors can be a target for amitraz. In fact, both in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that amitraz acts as rather selective agonists for α 2 -adrenoceptors, inducing several of its neurotoxic effects mainly through the activation of these receptors [11,12].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Additionally, the chemical structure of the mammalian neurotransmitter norepinephrine and the insect neurotransmitter octopamine is closely related. Thus, as most structural components of the nervous system are similar or identical in insects and mammals, it can be stated that amitraz is capable of affecting the nervous system of mammals [12]. Diverse in vivo studies with amitraz and other formamidines have confirmed that α 2 -adrenoceptors are targeted by these compounds and by their active metabolites.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] Standing as a significant type of compounds, formamidines contain specific properties including biological and pharmacological activities such as antiviral, [38] antimicrobial, [39] antimalarial, [40] and antihypertension. 41 Apparently, they have also been used as pesticide reagents [42,43] and can be applied in organic synthesizing procedures. Formamidines can act as starting materials in several synthetic approaches, which mainly include the synthesis of heterocycles.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%