1999
DOI: 10.3109/13550289909045380
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Neurotoxicity of CSF from HIV-infected humans

Abstract: Approximately 15 ± 20% of individuals infected with the human immunode®ciency virus will develop severe neurological disease. This may be due in part to virus-induced release of a number of putative neurotoxins. However, there is little information to predict which individuals will progress to dementia or the precise mechanisms that drive pathogenesis. In an effort to identify early markers of neurological disease progression we used an in vitro bioassay with rat cortical neurons to test for the presence of to… Show more

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Cited by 16 publications
(13 citation statements)
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“…The eventual recovery to baseline suggests that a single pulse of glutamate is not sufficient to establish a sustained rise in calcium. Similar effects have subsequently been reported after incubation of rat cortical neurons with CSF from HIV-infected patients (Meeker et al 1999b or CSF from FIV-infected cats (unpublished data), suggesting the presence of similar toxic processes in vivo. In companion experiments, antagonists that block ligand-gated calcium entry, voltage-gated calcium entry, intracellular calcium release, or synaptic transmission were all found to have neuroprotective efficacy during a 24-h exposure to medium collected from FIV-treated choroid plexus macrophages.…”
Section: Fiv and Intracellular Calcium Homeostasissupporting
confidence: 65%
“…The eventual recovery to baseline suggests that a single pulse of glutamate is not sufficient to establish a sustained rise in calcium. Similar effects have subsequently been reported after incubation of rat cortical neurons with CSF from HIV-infected patients (Meeker et al 1999b or CSF from FIV-infected cats (unpublished data), suggesting the presence of similar toxic processes in vivo. In companion experiments, antagonists that block ligand-gated calcium entry, voltage-gated calcium entry, intracellular calcium release, or synaptic transmission were all found to have neuroprotective efficacy during a 24-h exposure to medium collected from FIV-treated choroid plexus macrophages.…”
Section: Fiv and Intracellular Calcium Homeostasissupporting
confidence: 65%
“…The high activity of MCM relative to other challenges reinforces the view that macrophages/microglia are a primary source of factors that produce neurotoxicity. In addition, the strong similarity between effects of MCM and CSF from HIV infected patients (Meeker et al, 2005; Meeker et al, 1999) indicates that similar conditions exist in vivo .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Exposure to macrophage toxins(Giulian et al, 1990; Pulliam et al, 1991; Kaul et al, 2001) and the disruption of calcium homeostasis(Dreyer et al, 1990; Haughey et al, 1999; Holden et al, 1999; Meeker et al, 1999; Bragg et al, 2002; Meeker, 2007) are considered important early events in the development of neural damage. Indeed the calcium rise typically preceded the development of visible pathology.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%