Neutral detergent fiber disappearance and gas and volatile fatty acid production during the in vitro fermentation of six forages.

Doane, P.H.; Schofield, P; Pell, Alice N.

doi:10.2527/1997.75123342x

Cited by 82 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The results were in agreement with the results of others mentioned above. The increased VFA production in the present study was consistent with the increased total gas production in Trial I and the DM disappearance rate in Trial II since the DM degradability positively correlated with the total gas production (Doane et al 1997;Getachew et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Effects of supplementing vitamin E on in vitro rumen gas production, volatile fatty acid production, dry matter disappearance rate, and utilizable crude protein

Wei¹,

Lin²,

Wu³

et al. 2015

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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ABSTRACT:Two in vitro trials were carried out to study the effects of supplementing vitamin E (V E ) on rumen fermentation. In Trial I, four levels of V E product (purity 50%), i.e. 0, 15, 30, and 60 mg/kg dry matter (DM) of feed (equivalent to 0, 7.5, 15, 30 IU V E /kg DM) were supplemented to a typical feed mixture, respectively, as experimental treatments. The gas test technique of Menke et al. (1979) was used to measure gas and volatile fatty acid (VFA) production. In Trial II, the in vitro incubation technique of Zhao and Lebzien (2000) was used to determine DM disappearance rate and utilizable crude protein (uCP). Four levels of V E , i.e. 0, 7.5, 15, 30 IU/kg DM were supplemented to the same feed mixture as in Trial I, respectively, as experimental treatments. The results showed that supplementing V E increased total gas production (P < 0.01) and tended to increase methane (CH 4 ) production (P = 0.087). Supplementing V E also increased total VFA (P < 0.05) and propionate (P < 0.05), tended to increase acetate production (P = 0.084), and significantly increased DM disappearance rate (P < 0.05) and uCP (P < 0.01). It was concluded that supplementing V E at 30 IU/kg DM under the conditions of present trials with 11.1 IU/kg DM in the feed mixture improved in vitro rumen fermentation of feed mixture. Further research is necessary to confirm the effects of supplementing V E using in vivo trials.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Effects of supplementing vitamin E on in vitro rumen gas production, volatile fatty acid production, dry matter disappearance rate, and utilizable crude protein

Wei¹,

Lin²,

Wu³

et al. 2015

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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“…There were no correlations noted between CP concentration and potential gas production, but gas production was correlated negatively with NDF content, and positively with non-fibrous carbohydrate (NFC) content in this study. Doane et al (1997) also noted that gas production during in vitro fermentation of six forages was linearly related to NDF degradation. Energy rich-concentrates and pulse by-products produced higher (p<0.001) amounts of gas compared with straws and forages because concentrates had high degradability of OM that fermented to VFA and gas.…”

Section: Gas and Methane Productionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Evaluation of feeds from tropical origin for in vitro methane production potential and rumen fermentation in vitro

Pal

Patra

Sahoo

2015

Span. j. agric. res.

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Enteric methane arising due to fermentation of feeds in the rumen contributes substantially to the greenhouse gas emissions. Thus, like evaluation of chemical composition and nutritive values of feeds, methane production potential of each feed should be determined. This experiment was conducted to evaluate several feeds for methane production potential and rumen fermentation using in vitro gas production technique so that low methane producing feeds could be utilized to feed ruminants. Protein-and energy-rich concentrates (n=11), cereal and grass forages (n=11), and different straws and shrubs (n=12), which are commonly fed to ruminants in India, were collected from a number of locations. Gas production kinetics, methane production, degradability and rumen fermentation greatly varied (p<0.01) among feeds depending upon the chemical composition. Methane production (mL/g of degraded organic matter) was lower (p<0.01) for concentrate than forages, and straws and shrubs. Among shrubs and straws, methane production was lower (p<0.01) for shrubs than straws. Methane production was correlated (p<0.05) with concentrations of crude protein (CP), ether extract and non-fibrous carbohydrate (NFC) negatively, and with neutral detergent (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) positively. Potential gas production was negatively correlated (p=0.04) with ADF, but positively (p<0.01) with NFC content. Rate of gas production and ammonia concentration were influenced by CP content positively (p<0.05), but by NDF and ADF negatively (p<0.05). Total volatile fatty acid concentration and organic matter degradability were correlated (p<0.05) positively with CP and NFC content, but negatively with NDF and ADF content. The results suggest that incorporation of concentrates and shrubs replacing straws and forages in the diets of ruminants may decrease methane production.

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“…Studies on such material have been conducted to understand degradation patterns as well as microbial responses to various additives such as volatile fatty acids, long-chain fatty acids, or phenolic acids (4,5). Many other in vitro rumen fermentation projects have covered cellulose digestion, carbon dioxide and methane production, pH regulation, buffering capacity, and fatty acid production (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fermentation of Cottonseed and Other Feedstuffs in Cattle Rumen Fluid

Schneider

Ames

Rasmussen

et al. 2002

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Bovine rumen fluid was fermented anaerobically over 48 h with cottonseed, corn, alfalfa, or a mixture of these substrates in anaerobic mineral buffer. Samples taken at different incubation times were derivatized with nbutanol and subjected to gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. No unusual fermentation end-products from the cottonseed substrate were detected. Cottonseed supported rumen fermentation at levels comparable to those of the other substrates. Major components were usually found in the decreasing order of acetate, propionate, butyrate, and valerate, although acetate and propionate concentrations decreased late in the alfalfa and mixed-feed fermentations, eventually allowing butyrate concentrations to exceed those of propionate. As expected, lactate was produced in high concentrations when corn was fermented. The minor components 2-methylpropionate, 2-and 3-methylbutyrate, phenylacetate, phenylpropionate, and caproate also accumulated, with their relative concentrations varying with the substrate. Succinate was produced in substantial amounts only when corn and alfalfa were fermented; it did not accumulate when cottonseed was the substrate. Samples containing cottonseed were derivatized and subjected to reversed-phase highperformance liquid chromatography, revealing that gossypol concentrations did not change during fermentation. Disciplines Biochemical and Biomolecular Engineering | Biological Engineering | Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering | Chemical Engineering CommentsPosted with permission from Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50, no. 8 (2002) Bovine rumen fluid was fermented anaerobically over 48 h with cottonseed, corn, alfalfa, or a mixture of these substrates in anaerobic mineral buffer. Samples taken at different incubation times were derivatized with n-butanol and subjected to gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. No unusual fermentation end-products from the cottonseed substrate were detected. Cottonseed supported rumen fermentation at levels comparable to those of the other substrates. Major components were usually found in the decreasing order of acetate, propionate, butyrate, and valerate, although acetate and propionate concentrations decreased late in the alfalfa and mixed-feed fermentations, eventually allowing butyrate concentrations to exceed those of propionate. As expected, lactate was produced in high concentrations when corn was fermented. The minor components 2-methylpropionate, 2-and 3-methylbutyrate, phenylacetate, phenylpropionate, and caproate also accumulated, with their relative concentrations varying with the substrate. Succinate was produced in substantial amounts only when corn and alfalfa were fermented; it did not accumulate when cottonseed was the substrate. Samples containing cottonseed were derivatized and subjected to reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, revealing that gossypol concentrations did not change during fermentation.

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Neutral detergent fiber disappearance and gas and volatile fatty acid production during the in vitro fermentation of six forages.

Cited by 82 publications

References 16 publications

Effects of supplementing vitamin E on in vitro rumen gas production, volatile fatty acid production, dry matter disappearance rate, and utilizable crude protein

Effects of supplementing vitamin E on in vitro rumen gas production, volatile fatty acid production, dry matter disappearance rate, and utilizable crude protein

Evaluation of feeds from tropical origin for in vitro methane production potential and rumen fermentation in vitro

Fermentation of Cottonseed and Other Feedstuffs in Cattle Rumen Fluid

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