Neutralization of snake venom phospholipase A2 toxins by aqueous extract of Casearia sylvestris (Flacourtiaceae) in mouse neuromuscular preparation

Cavalcante, Walter Luís Garrido; Campos, Tayná O.; Dal-Pai-Silva, Maeli; Pereira, Paulo Sérgio; Oliveira, Clayton Z.; Soares, Andreimar M.; Gallacci, Márcia

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2007.04.002

Cited by 67 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, the myotoxic effect of MjTX-I is significantly weaker in comparison to other bothropic Lys49-PLA 2 s [58]. While the blockage of the indirect twitches induced by MjTX-I (1 µM) did not reach 50% in 90 minutes, the reported t 1/2 for BthTX-I, PrTX-I from Bothrops pirajai and MjTX-II from Bothrops moojeni under the same experimental conditions were 40.3 ± 3.5 min, n = 8; 49.0 ± 6.9 min, n = 6 and 35.2±2.0 min, n = 8, respectively [58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Structural and Phylogenetic Studies with MjTX-I Reveal a Multi-Oligomeric Toxin – a Novel Feature in Lys49-PLA2s Protein Class

et al. 2013

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The mortality caused by snakebites is more damaging than many tropical diseases, such as dengue haemorrhagic fever, cholera, leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis and Chagas disease. For this reason, snakebite envenoming adversely affects health services of tropical and subtropical countries and is recognized as a neglected disease by the World Health Organization. One of the main components of snake venoms is the Lys49-phospholipases A2, which is catalytically inactive but possesses other toxic and pharmacological activities. Preliminary studies with MjTX-I from Bothrops moojeni snake venom revealed intriguing new structural and functional characteristics compared to other bothropic Lys49-PLA2s. We present in this article a comprehensive study with MjTX-I using several techniques, including crystallography, small angle X-ray scattering, analytical size-exclusion chromatography, dynamic light scattering, myographic studies, bioinformatics and molecular phylogenetic analyses.Based in all these experiments we demonstrated that MjTX-I is probably a unique Lys49-PLA2, which may adopt different oligomeric forms depending on the physical-chemical environment. Furthermore, we showed that its myotoxic activity is dramatically low compared to other Lys49-PLA2s, probably due to the novel oligomeric conformations and important mutations in the C-terminal region of the protein. The phylogenetic analysis also showed that this toxin is clearly distinct from other bothropic Lys49-PLA2s, in conformity with the peculiar oligomeric characteristics of MjTX-I and possible emergence of new functionalities inresponse to environmental changes and adaptation to new preys.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Structural and Phylogenetic Studies with MjTX-I Reveal a Multi-Oligomeric Toxin – a Novel Feature in Lys49-PLA2s Protein Class

et al. 2013

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, Borges and collaborators [39] emphasized that C. sylvestris was able to neutralize hemorrhagic activity caused by the B. pirajai , B. jararacussu , B. asper , B. moojeni, and B. neuwiedi venom. Cavalcante and collaborators [22] showed that the C. sylvestris aqueous extract demonstrated protective effects against muscle damage induced by two Lys49-PLA 2 toxins (PrTX-I from B. pirajai and BthTX-I from B. jararacussu snake venom) and prevented the neuromuscular blockage induced by all PLA 2 toxins.…”

Section: Pla2 Inhibitors Isolated From Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Small variations among PLA 2 isoforms may be used for the study of structural and functional relationships of these proteins. Moreover, research regarding natural and synthetic inhibitors that are able to neutralize the toxic effects promoted by these enzymes is being carried out in an attempt to explain the physiopathological mechanisms of these molecules [22–24]. Furthermore, knowledge about the mechanism of toxicity exhibited by these proteins may assist the discovery and development of new anti-inflammatory drugs, cellular lesions, and therapies for several diseases, including Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and even cancer [12, 25–29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Snake Venom PLA₂s Inhibitors Isolated from Brazilian Plants: Synthetic and Natural Molecules

Carvalho

Santos

Xavier

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ophidian envenomation is an important health problem in Brazil and other South American countries. In folk medicine, especially in developing countries, several vegetal species are employed for the treatment of snakebites in communities that lack prompt access to serum therapy. However, the identification and characterization of the effects of several new plants or their isolated compounds, which are able to inhibit the activities of snake venom, are extremely important and such studies are imperative. Snake venom contains several organic and inorganic compounds; phospholipases A2 (PLA2s) are one of the principal toxic components of venom. PLA2s display a wide variety of pharmacological activities, such as neurotoxicity, myotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, anticoagulant, hemorrhagic, and edema-inducing effects. PLA2 inhibition is of pharmacological and therapeutic interests as these enzymes are involved in several inflammatory diseases. This review describes the results of several studies of plant extracts and their isolated active principles, when used against crude snake venoms or their toxic fractions. Isolated inhibitors, such as steroids, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds, are able to inhibit PLA2s from different snake venoms. The design of specific inhibitors of PLA2s might help in the development of new pharmaceutical drugs, more specific antivenom, or even as alternative approaches for treating snakebites.

show abstract

“…Several plants have been used in folk medicine throughout the world as treatment against snakebites (Houghton and Osibogun., 1993;Melo et al, 1994;Maiorano et al, 2005;Oliveira et al, 2005;Cavalcante et al, 2007;Lomonte et al, 2009;De Paula et al, 2010;Omale et al, 2013). Till date few plants materials have been evaluated in well controlled assays and only a few of them have been found to be effective against Snake envenomation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Euphorbia hirta on Snake Venom Induced Toxicity in Mice

Agusi¹,

Ogbunachi²

2018

TJANS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neutralization of snake venom phospholipase A2 toxins by aqueous extract of Casearia sylvestris (Flacourtiaceae) in mouse neuromuscular preparation

Cited by 67 publications

References 34 publications

Structural and Phylogenetic Studies with MjTX-I Reveal a Multi-Oligomeric Toxin – a Novel Feature in Lys49-PLA2s Protein Class

Structural and Phylogenetic Studies with MjTX-I Reveal a Multi-Oligomeric Toxin – a Novel Feature in Lys49-PLA2s Protein Class

Snake Venom PLA₂s Inhibitors Isolated from Brazilian Plants: Synthetic and Natural Molecules

Effects of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Euphorbia hirta on Snake Venom Induced Toxicity in Mice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Neutralization of snake venom phospholipase A2 toxins by aqueous extract of Casearia sylvestris (Flacourtiaceae) in mouse neuromuscular preparation

Cited by 67 publications

References 34 publications

Structural and Phylogenetic Studies with MjTX-I Reveal a Multi-Oligomeric Toxin – a Novel Feature in Lys49-PLA2s Protein Class

Structural and Phylogenetic Studies with MjTX-I Reveal a Multi-Oligomeric Toxin – a Novel Feature in Lys49-PLA2s Protein Class

Snake Venom PLA2s Inhibitors Isolated from Brazilian Plants: Synthetic and Natural Molecules

Effects of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Euphorbia hirta on Snake Venom Induced Toxicity in Mice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Snake Venom PLA₂s Inhibitors Isolated from Brazilian Plants: Synthetic and Natural Molecules