Neutralizing antibodies are positively associated with CD4+ T-cell counts and T-cell function in long-term AIDS-free infection

Abstract

NAb were preferentially found in subjects with relatively preserved T-cell function and CD4+ T-cell numbers. In these individuals, neutralizing activity against heterologous isolates increased with time. These data suggest that the capacity to produce broadly NAb is a function of the integrity of the immune system.

Interactions between Natural Killer Cells and Antibody Fc Result in Enhanced Antibody Neutralization of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

“…Several studies have correlated functional antibody activities with markers of HIV disease progression (4,8,9,13). Our present findings show that large amounts of virus (up to 20,000 TCID 50 ) can be inhibited in vitro by antibody, but predominantly through an Fc␥R-mediated mechanism.…”

Regional Clustering of Shared Neutralization Determinants on Primary Isolates of Clade C Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 from South Africa

“…In general, the earliest neutralizing antibodies to be detected in an HIV-1-infected individual have a limited range of specificity (14,55). It was therefore unexpected to find 70% of heterologous clade C virus-serum combinations testing positive from South Africa.…”

“…This is very common for epitopes in the third variable cysteine-cysteine loop (V3 loop) of gp120 (5,73,77). Antibodies in sera from infected individuals and vaccinated volunteers may have potent neutralizing activity against the matched (autologous) HIV-1 variant but those antibodies have limited neutralizing activity against heterologous variants (14,34,55,58,63). This is especially true in the case of vaccine-elicited antibodies (9,48).…”

Frequency and Phenotype of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Envelope-Specific B Cells from Patients with Broadly Cross-Neutralizing Antibodies

“…Few studies have screened large numbers of patients for a broad NAb response or compared patients with various clinical courses. In addition, studies have yielded variable results, using diverse assay platforms, viral isolates, definitions of breadth, and classifications of patient clinical status (10,17,18,20,55,63,64). Efforts to standardize neutralization assays across laboratories have led to the wide use of luciferase-based assays with standard panels of pseudovirus isolates (42,68).…”