“…The dashed curve is the prediction using the pion-only model Ambrosio et al (1997c). The points correspond (from top to bottom): Ambrosio et al (1997c), Bouchta (1999), Grashorn et al (2010), Selvi (2009), Bellini (2012, Desiati (2011), Andreyev et al (1991, Cutler et al (1981), Sherman (1954), Barrett et al (1954). temperature T eff , defined by the weighted average of temperatures from the surface to the top of the atmosphere, is useful to describe the situation. T eff approximates the atmosphere as an isothermal body, weighting each pressure layer according to its relevance to muon production in atmosphere.…”