Leptogenesis is a class of scenarios where the baryon asymmetry of the
Universe is produced from a lepton asymmetry generated in the decays of a heavy
sterile neutrino. We explain the motivation for leptogenesis. We review the
basic mechanism, and describe subclasses of models. We then focus on recent
developments in the understanding of leptogenesis: finite temperature effects,
spectator processes, and in particular the significance of flavor physics.Comment: 111 pages, 8 figures. Added Sect. 3 on anomalous B+L violation.
Corrected equations (6.30) and (6.31). Added Sect. 9.1 with a simple example
of the effects of flavours. Revised Sect. 10.1 on susy leptogenesis. Added
several references, and other minor improvements. To be published in Physics
Report