Neutrino super beam based on a superconducting proton linac

Abstract

We present a new design study of the neutrino Super Beam based on the Superconducting Proton Linac at CERN. This beam is aimed at megaton mass physics, a large water Cherenkov detector, proposed for the Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane in France, with a baseline of 130 km. The aim of this proposed facility is to study CP violation in the neutrino sector. In the study reported here, we have developed the conceptual design of the neutrino beam, especially the target and the magnetic focusing device. Indeed, this beam presents several unprecedented challenges, related to the high primary proton beam power (4 MW), the high repetition rate (50 Hz), and the low kinetic energy of the protons (4.5 GeV). The design is completed by a study of all the main components of the system, starting from the transport system to guide the beam to the target up to the beam dump. This is the first complete study of a neutrino beam based on a pebble-bed target capable of standing the large heat deposition of MW class proton beams.

The Opportunity Offered by the ESSnuSB Project to Exploit the Larger Leptonic CP Violation Signal at the Second Oscillation Maximum and the Requirements of This Project on the ESS Accelerator Complex

“…This is certainly one reason why some proposed projects, which were designed well before 2012, have their respective detectors placed at a distance from the accelerator approximately corresponding to / = 500 km/GeV, that is, at the first maximum. However, when in 2012 13 was measured and found to be about 9 ∘ [1][2][3][4], the relation between the three terms was drastically changed as shown in Figure 2(b). For 13 = 10 ∘ , the CP interference term at / = 500 km/GeV is much smaller than the dominant atmospheric term, whereas it has about the same amplitude as the dominant atmospheric term at / = 1500 km/GeV.…”

“…See, for example, [5], in which a range of values for sin 2 2 13 between 0.01 and 0.09 are used, with 0.04 as the standard value, to evaluate the performance of a proposed experiment. The large value of 13 implies that the sensitivity to CP violation is three times higher at the second neutrino oscillation maximum as compared to the first.…”

“…∘ of the neutrino mixing angle 13 , corresponding to a value of sin 2 2 13 of ca. 0.095 [1][2][3][4], confirmed the possibility of discovering and measuring a nonzero value of the Dirac leptonic CP violating angle CP .…”

“…0.095 [1][2][3][4], confirmed the possibility of discovering and measuring a nonzero value of the Dirac leptonic CP violating angle CP . Before 2012 a significantly smaller value for 13 was assumed when planning for future long base neutrino experiments. See, for example, [5], in which a range of values for sin 2 2 13 between 0.01 and 0.09 are used, with 0.04 as the standard value, to evaluate the performance of a proposed experiment.…”

“…The ESSnuSB Design Study is taking advantage of many of the results obtained in the FP7 Design Study EUROnu [10] on future neutrino facilities. The results from the now terminated EUROnu project of the study of the 4.5 GeV/5 MW neutrino Super Beam from the CERN Superconducting Proton Linac SPL [11,12] and of the MEMPHYS large water Cherenkov detector in the Fréjus tunnel have served as very useful references in the ESSnuSB Design Study [13,14]. The purpose of ESS is the production and use of spallation neutrons.…”