Neutrinos from Type Ia and Failed Core-Collapse Supernovae at Dark Matter Detectors

Abstract

Neutrinos produced in the hot and dense interior of the next galactic supernova would be visible at dark matter experiments in coherent elastic nuclear recoils. While studies on this channel have focused on successful core-collapse supernovae, a thermonuclear (Type Ia) explosion, or a corecollapse that fails to explode and forms a black hole, are as likely to occur as the next galactic supernova event. I show that generation-3 noble liquid-based dark matter experiments such as darwin and argo, operating at sub-keV thresholds with ionization-only signals, would distinguish between (a) leading hypotheses of Type Ia explosion mechanisms by detecting an O(1) s burst of O(1) MeV neutrinos, and (b) progenitor models of failed supernovae by detecting an O(1) s burst of O(10) MeV neutrinos, especially by marking the instant of black hole formation from abrupt stoppage of neutrino detection. This detection is sensitive to all neutrino flavors and insensitive to neutrino oscillations, thereby making measurements complementary to neutrino experiments.

Supernova Preshock Neutronization Burst as a Probe of Non-Standard Neutrino Interactions

“…Based on the results in Ref. [43], we note the detection of the preshock burst is possible if a source is located within ∼ 1 kpc. Luckily, such pre-supernova stars are somewhat not too rare in our galaxy, and a list of 31 candidates within 1 kpc, including the famous Betelgeuse, is rendered in Ref.…”

“…Hence, it is better to use all-flavor detection to depict the temporal structure of the preshock burst. Recently, Raj [43] shows the feasibility of detecting neutrino number luminosity from a failed CCSN using large-scale DM detectors. Based on the results in Ref.…”

A Next-Generation Liquid Xenon Observatory for Dark Matter and Neutrino Physics

“…Current and future liquid xenon dark matter detectors are uniquely sensitive to neutrinos of all flavors through CEνNS [779,780], whether from core-collapse (Type II) [781,782] or thermonuclear runaway fusion (Type Ia) [783]. This provides a calorimetric measurement of the explosion energy going into neutrinos, independent of oscillation effects [782].…”

Radiopurity of a kg-scale PbWO$_4$ cryogenic detector produced from archaeological Pb for the RES-NOVA experiment

“…This type of signature is similar to the one produced by DM particles scattering off a target nucleus. For this reason, DM detectors are also proposed to be exploited for the detection of SN neutrinos [24]. In particular, the ones based on the Xe and Ar-liquid time projection chamber technologies [25][26][27] are among the best candidate.…”