Neutron–gamma discrimination based on bipolar trapezoidal pulse shaping using FPGAs in NE213

Sani, V. Esmaeili; Moussavi-Zarandi, A.; Akbar-ashrafi, Nafiseh; Boghrati, B.; Afarideh, H.

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2012.08.025

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Different algorithms, feasible to implement in FPGA, can be used to perform neutron/gamma discrimination [10], [11]. Similar to the filter module (sec.…”

Section: Real-time Process -Psdmentioning

confidence: 99%

FPGA Code for the Data Acquisition and Real-Time Processing Prototype of the ITER Radial Neutron Camera

Fernandes

Cruz

Santos

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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The main role of the ITER Radial Neutron Camera (RNC) diagnostic is to measure in real-time the plasma neutron emissivity profile at high peak count rates for a time duration up to 500 s. Due to the unprecedented high performance conditions and after the identification of critical problems, a set of activities have been selected, focused on the development of high priority prototypes, capable to deliver answers to those problems before the final RNC design. This paper presents one of the selected activities: the design, development and testing of a dedicated FPGA code for the RNC Data Acquisition prototype. The FPGA code aims to acquire, process and store in real-time the neutron and gamma pulses from the detectors located in collimated lines of sight viewing a poloidal plasma section from the ITER Equatorial Port Plug 1. The hardware platform used was an evaluation board from Xilinx (KC705) carrying an IPFN FPGA Mezzanine Card (FMC-AD2-1600) with 2 digitizer channels of 12-bit resolution sampling up to 1.6 GSamples/s. The code performs the proper input signal conditioning using a down-sampled configuration to 400 MSamples/s, apply dedicated algorithms for pulse detection, filtering and pileup detection, and includes two distinct data paths operating simultaneously: i) the event-based data-path for pulse storage; and ii) the real-time processing, with dedicated algorithms for pulse shape discrimination and pulse height spectra. For continuous data throughput both data-paths are streamed to the host through two distinct PCIe x8 Direct Memory Access (DMA) channels.

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“…Different algorithms, feasible to implement in FPGA, can be used to perform neutron/gamma discrimination [10], [11]. Similar to the filter module (sec.…”

Section: Real-time Process -Psdmentioning

confidence: 99%

FPGA Code for the Data Acquisition and Real-Time Processing Prototype of the ITER Radial Neutron Camera

Fernandes

Cruz

Santos

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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“…All the mentioned techniques are in widespread use [15,16]. Comrie et al have shown that the zero-crossing method produces poorer results than the charge comparison for experiments spanning a wide energy range of neutron and gamma rays [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital signal processing for neutron-gamma discrimination using a liquid scintillator detector

et al. 2023

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Digital signal processing has shown promise as a reliable approach for nuclear radiation spectroscopy. In this paper, the charge-to-digital conversion technique was applied to neutron-gamma discrimination. The method is based on the direct comparison of the charge at the fast and slow components of the anode signal of the scintillator detector. The performance of the technique was tested using experimental investigation by 252Cf source and D-D neutron generator. The minimum detectable energy for reasonable separation was found to be around 0.2 MeVee. The FOM of the discrimination parameter was maximized by the optimum selection of the charge integration parameters. Excellent discrimination between neutron and gamma signals was confirmed by the presented setup. The results confirmed that the presented technique can replace analog nuclear electronics conventionally uses for pulse shape discrimination.

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“…This means that pulse shape discrimination can be used to discriminate neutron signals from other signal types. Various pulse shape discrimination techniques include rise-time comparison [41], charge comparison algorithm [21], [22], [42], [43], digital filters [44]- [47], pulse gradient analysis [48], [49], frequency gradient analysis [50], [51], wavelet analysis [52]- [56], and artificial neural networks [57]- [60].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Signal Processing for Mitigating SiPM Dark Noise Effects in a Scintillating Neutron Detector

Pritchard

Chabot

Robucci

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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A 6 LiF:ZnS(Ag) based cold neutron detector with wavelength shifting (WLS) fibers and SiPM photodetector was developed at the NIST Center for Neutron Research. For neutron scattering applications at the NCNR, detector false positives severely diminish the quality of very faint neutron scatter patterns. Thermal noise generated by the SiPM significantly increases the likelihood of false positives by the detector/discriminator. This paper describes and evaluates a digital real-time algorithm implemented on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) which quickly differentiates SiPM thermal noise and noise pulse pile-up from neutron signals. The algorithm reduces deadtime spent on examining noise pulses as well as reduces the number of false positives.

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Neutron–gamma discrimination based on bipolar trapezoidal pulse shaping using FPGAs in NE213

Cited by 27 publications

References 3 publications

FPGA Code for the Data Acquisition and Real-Time Processing Prototype of the ITER Radial Neutron Camera

FPGA Code for the Data Acquisition and Real-Time Processing Prototype of the ITER Radial Neutron Camera

Digital signal processing for neutron-gamma discrimination using a liquid scintillator detector

Real-Time Signal Processing for Mitigating SiPM Dark Noise Effects in a Scintillating Neutron Detector

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