Neutron-induced production of protons, deuterons and tritons on copper and bismuth

Franz, J.; Koncz, P.; Rössle, E.; Sauerwein, C.; Schmitt, H.; Schmoll, K.; Erö, J.; Fodor, Z.; Kecskeméti, J.; Kovács, Zsolt; Seres, Z.

doi:10.1016/0375-9474(90)90360-x

Cited by 30 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Fig. 19 demonstrates this for 317 MeV n + 209 Bi → t at 54 • , with experimental data measured by Franz, et al [81]. We have obtained similar results for other neutroninduced reactions, at other incident energies, for other ejectiles and target nuclei.…”

Section: Validation Of the Extended Modelssupporting

confidence: 87%

Production of energetic light fragments in extensions of the CEM and LAQGSM event generators of the Monte Carlo transport code MCNP6

et al. 2017

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We extend the cascade-exciton model (CEM), and the Los Alamos version of the quark-gluon string model (LAQGSM), event generators of the Monte-Carlo N-particle transport code version 6 (MCNP6), to describe production of energetic light fragments (LF) heavier than 4 He from various nuclear reactions induced by particles and nuclei at energies up to about 1 TeV/nucleon. In these models, energetic LF can be produced via Fermi break-up, preequilibrium emission, and coalescence of cascade particles. Initially, we study several variations of the Fermi break-up model and choose the best option for these models. Then, we extend the modified exciton model (MEM) used by these codes to account for a possibility of multiple emission of up to 66 types of particles and LF (up to 28 Mg) at the preequilibrium stage of reactions. Then, we expand the coalescence model to allow coalescence of LF from nucleons emitted at the intranuclear cascade stage of reactions and from lighter clusters, up to fragments with mass numbers A ≤ 7, in the case of CEM, and A ≤ 12, in the case of LAQGSM. Next, we modify MCNP6 to allow calculating and outputting spectra of LF and heavier products with arbitrary mass and charge numbers. The improved version of CEM is implemented into MCNP6. Finally, we test the improved versions of CEM, LAQGSM, and MCNP6 on a variety of measured nuclear reactions. The modified codes give an improved description of energetic LF from particle-and nucleus-induced reactions; showing a good agreement with a variety of available experimental data. They have an improved predictive power compared to the previous versions and can be used as reliable tools in simulating applications involving such types of reactions.

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Section: Validation Of the Extended Modelssupporting

confidence: 87%

Production of energetic light fragments in extensions of the CEM and LAQGSM event generators of the Monte Carlo transport code MCNP6

et al. 2017

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“…23 show an example of double-differential spectra of complex particles from neutron-induced reactions, at even higher energies, namely CEM03.01 calculated double-differential spectra of p, d, and t at 54, 68, 90, 121, and 164 degrees from interactions of 542 MeV neutrons with copper and bismuth compared with the measurements by Franz et al [138]. We see again a good agreement between the calculations and the data and again the main contribution in the production of d and t from these reactions by CEM03.01 is from preequilibrium emission.…”

Section: Preequilibrium Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CTOF measurements and Monte Carlo analyses of neutron spectra for the backward direction from a lead target irradiated with 200–1000 MeV protons

Azhgirey¹,

Belyakov-Bodin²,

Degtyarev³

et al. 2010

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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A description of the IntraNuclear Cascade (INC), preequilibrium, evaporation, fission, coalescence, and Fermi breakup models used by the latest versions of our CEM03.03 and LAQGSM03.03 event generators is presented, with a focus on our most recent developments of these models. The recently developed "S" and "G" versions of our codes, that consider multifragmentation of nuclei formed after the preequilibrium stage of reactions when their excitation energy is above 2A MeV using the Statistical Multifragmentation Model (SMM) code by Botvina et al. ("S" stands for SMM) and the fission-like binary-decay model GEMINI by Charity ("G" stands for GEMINI), respectively, are briefly described as well. Examples of benchmarking our models against a large variety of experimental data on particle-particle, particle-nucleus, and nucleus-nucleus reactions are presented. Open questions on reaction mechanisms and future necessary work are outlined.

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“…The systematic error on the recoil energy measurement is due to the uncertainty in the MINERvA detector energy scale set by muons and differences between the simulated calorimetric response to single hadrons and the response measured by the test beam program. Additional uncertainties are due to differences between the Geant model of neutron interactions and thin target data on neutron scattering in carbon, iron and copper [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46]. We evaluate further sources of systematic error by loosening analysis cuts on energy near the vertex and on extra isolated energy depositions, repeating the fit to the background and subsequent analysis, and assigning an uncertainty to cover the difference.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Muon Antineutrino Quasielastic Scattering on a Hydrocarbon Target atEν∼3.5 GeV

Fiorentini¹,

Schmitz²,

Rodrigues³

et al. 2013

Phys. Rev. Lett.

177

143

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We have isolatedνµ charged-current quasi-elastic interactions occurring in the segmented scintillator tracking region of the MINERvA detector running in the NuMI neutrino beam at Fermilab. We measure the flux-averaged differential cross-section, dσ/dQ 2 , and compare to several theoretical models of quasi-elastic scattering. Good agreement is obtained with a model where the nucleon axial mass, MA, is set to 0.99 GeV/c 2 but the nucleon vector form factors are modified to account for the observed enhancement, relative to the free nucleon case, of the cross-section for the exchange of transversely polarized photons in electron-nucleus scattering. Our data at higher Q 2 favor this interpretation over an alternative in which the axial mass is increased.

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Neutron-induced production of protons, deuterons and tritons on copper and bismuth

Cited by 30 publications

References 27 publications

Production of energetic light fragments in extensions of the CEM and LAQGSM event generators of the Monte Carlo transport code MCNP6

Production of energetic light fragments in extensions of the CEM and LAQGSM event generators of the Monte Carlo transport code MCNP6

CTOF measurements and Monte Carlo analyses of neutron spectra for the backward direction from a lead target irradiated with 200–1000 MeV protons

Measurement of Muon Antineutrino Quasielastic Scattering on a Hydrocarbon Target atEν∼3.5 GeV

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