Neutron-proton mass difference from gauge/gravity duality

Bigazzi, Francesco; Niro, Pierluigi

doi:10.1103/physrevd.98.046004

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In the above analysis we noticed that n, not possessing a mini black hole due to having no electric charge, is fundamentally different from P (cf. Bigazzi, & Niro, 2018, for isospin-breaking); for example, while the radius of P is 10 −15 e meters, that of n is 10 −15 meters, smaller. Since in our hypothesized diagonal 4-manifold M [3] of the Universe (cf.…”

Section: Integration Of the Nuclear Weak Force With Gravitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravity as the Sole Fundamental Force

Light¹

2019

APR

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We had explained electromagnetism by gravity before a recent publication in this Journal, in which we further incorporated the nuclear strong force in the framework of gravity. This paper, summarizing our cumulative results, continues to integrate the nuclear weak force with gravity, where we go by the following line of logic: Planck's formula shows energy E = frequency = probability = wave; hence quantum waves have energies and the Universe is a diagonal spacetime manifold containing {(particle p i , electromagnetic wave λ (p i ))}. By Feynman's analysis on electromagnetic mass, we assume that the distribution of E over (p, λ (p)) is ( 3 4 , 1 4 ) E. Then Newton's gravitational acceleration formula yields E = 1.6 × the observed energy o f p, so that p exists only for a duration of 5 8 λ c over the cycle [ 0, λ c ], such as evidenced in quantum tunneling, opening the possibility for λ (p) to be combined with other waves forming new particle(s) for t > 5 8 λ c . By the time ratios of two frames in General Relativity we deduce neutron's lifetime, and by the Higgs mechanism we show neutron's decay products.

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Section: Integration Of the Nuclear Weak Force With Gravitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravity as the Sole Fundamental Force

Light¹

2019

APR

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“…A nontrivial a z also arises in the presence of baryons, which are instantons on the flavor branes. Therefore, this setup can also be used to compute quark mass corrections to the baryon spectrum [23,43,44]. We identify the chiral condensate with the Nambu-Goto part, O = − qq U , where qq = −ce −S NG with a proportionality constant c (of mass dimension 3).…”

Section: Quark Mass Correctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy holographic QCD

Kovensky

Schmitt

2020

J. High Energ. Phys.

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We study the phase structure of the Witten-Sakai-Sugimoto model in the plane of temperature and baryon chemical potential, including the effect of a nonzero current quark mass. Our study is performed in the decompactified limit of the model, which, at least regarding the chiral phase transition, appears to be closer to real-world QCD than the original version. Following earlier studies, we account for the quark mass in an effective way based on an open Wilson line operator whose expectation value is identified with the chiral condensate. We find that the quark mass stabilizes a configuration with string sources and point out that this phase plays an important role in the phase diagram. Furthermore, we show that the quark mass breaks up the first-order chiral phase transition curve and introduces critical points to the phase diagram. Similarities of the phase structure to other holographic approaches and to lattice simulations of "heavy QCD" are found and discussed. By making holographic QCD more realistic, our results open the door to a better understanding of real-world strongly coupled hot and dense matter.

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“…The contribution of the latter, which turns out to be proportional to the angular velocity of the spinning soliton, turns out to be crucial for many instances. In [94] it has been used to compute the mass splitting between neutron and proton in the WSS model with non-degenerate quark masses. We shall see that it is crucial for providing non zero values for both the CP even coupling g η N N and the CP-oddḡ πN N one.…”

Section: Instanton Moduli Quantizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-derivative axionic couplings to nucleons at large and small N

Bigazzi

Cotrone

Järvinen

et al. 2020

J. High Energ. Phys.

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Among the possible CP-odd couplings of the axion to ordinary matter, the most relevant ones for phenomenology are the Yukawa couplings to nucleons. We analyze such non-derivative couplings within three complementary approaches: standard effective field theory, the Skyrme model and holographic QCD. In all the cases, the couplings can be related to the CP-odd non-derivative couplings to nucleons of the low-lying mesons and the η . Using the effective field theory approach we derive the expressions for the CP-odd interaction terms as functions of the parameters of the effective Lagrangian. Then, we compute the CP-odd couplings to nucleons of the axion, the η and the pseudo-Goldstone mesons in both the Skyrme and the holographic QCD model with N f = 2, 3 flavors. We relate the coefficients of the non-derivative axion-nucleon couplings to those of the derivative ones. The relations do not explicitly depend on model parameters. This allows us to provide quantitative estimates of these couplings. D. CP violating η -pion-pion coupling 56 E. Alternative numerical estimates of the couplings 57 Introduction and resultsThe Peccei-Quinn proposal [1] for a natural solution of the strong CP problem -the unnaturally small value of the QCD θ angle -implies the existence of a new light neutral pseudoscalar boson, the axion [2, 3]. The original theory, severely constrained by data, was not renormalizable because of the axion coupling to the QCD instanton density [4,5]. In renormalizable axion models, successively proposed in [6,7,8], the axions were also made very weakly interacting with ordinary matter, as required by experimental constraints. These "invisible axions", whose couplings to matter have been deduced using anomalies and the chiral Lagrangian [9]- [14], are nowadays considered among the most promising candidates as dark matter constituents, and also as possible realizations of the inflaton [15]- [20]. As of today, axion-like particles (ALPs) are ubiquitous and serve various purposes. The nomenclature has also evolved but still remains sometimes murky. Axions that solve the strong CP problem are typically called QCD axions. The term "axionlike particle" is often used to refer (only) to other types of axions.Generically, axions display a perturbative shift symmetry and couple to instanton densities. In any reliable quantum field theory (QFT) realization, the symmetry is broken (at best) to a discrete symmetry due to non-perturbative effects. Such effects, related to instantons in weakly-coupled models, induce a mass and, more generally, a potential term, for the QCD axion (see e.g. [13]).ALPs arise very commonly in string theory [21], the simplest example being the Ramond-Ramond (RR) axion of type IIB string theory. They can also arise, after compactification, from internal components of antisymmetric form gauge fields as well as from off-diagonal components of the metric. In these cases, ALPs are related to generalized gauge fields [22,23]. The corresponding gauge symmetries provide the perturbative Peccei-Quinn (PQ) sym...

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Neutron-proton mass difference from gauge/gravity duality

Cited by 14 publications

References 44 publications

Gravity as the Sole Fundamental Force

Gravity as the Sole Fundamental Force

Heavy holographic QCD

Non-derivative axionic couplings to nucleons at large and small N

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