Neutron spectrometry in mixed fields: proportional counter spectrometers

Tagziria, H.; Hansen, W.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006389

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As described elsewhere ( 5 ), the neutron spectra were evaluated by making combined measurements with a proton-recoil proportional counter ( 6 ) and liquid scintillator detector ( 7 ). The measured recoil spectra were unfolded using maximum entropy deconvolution ( 8 ), based on Monte Carlo simulated detector response functions ( 9 ).…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerator-Based Biological Irradiation Facility Simulating Neutron Exposure from an Improvised Nuclear Device

Randers-Pehrson

Turner

et al. 2015

Radiation Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We describe here an accelerator-based neutron irradiation facility, intended to expose blood or small animals to neutron fields mimicking those from an improvised nuclear device at relevant distances from the epicenter. Neutrons are generated by a mixed proton/deuteron beam on a thick beryllium target, generating a broad spectrum of neutron energies that match those estimated for the Hiroshima bomb at 1.5 km from ground zero. This spectrum, dominated by neutron energies between 0.2 and 9 MeV, is significantly different from the standard reactor fission spectrum, as the initial bomb spectrum changes when the neutrons are transported through air. The neutron and gamma dose rates were measured using a custom tissue-equivalent gas ionization chamber and a compensated Geiger-Mueller dosimeter, respectively. Neutron spectra were evaluated by unfolding measurements using a proton-recoil proportional counter and a liquid scintillator detector. As an illustration of the potential use of this facility we present micronucleus yields in single divided, cytokinesis-blocked human peripheral lymphocytes up to 1.5 Gy demonstrating 3- to 5-fold enhancement over equivalent X-ray doses. This facility is currently in routine use, irradiating both mice and human blood samples for evaluation of neutron-specific biodosimetry assays. Future studies will focus on dose reconstruction in realistic mixed neutron/photon fields.

show abstract

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerator-Based Biological Irradiation Facility Simulating Neutron Exposure from an Improvised Nuclear Device

Randers-Pehrson

Turner

et al. 2015

Radiation Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Proportional Counters [11] that operated as recoil detectors can be of different geometries (spherical or ND2016 cylindrical) and can be filled with different types of gasses (commonly used: H 2 , CH 4 ). A set of proportional counters is typically used for covering a wide energy domain, like in [12], where 40 mm spherical hydrogen detectors with pressure of 100, 400 and 1000 kPa have been used for the measurement of an extracted neutron beam in the energy range 20-1200 keV.…”

Section: Neutron Beam Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the possible use of the MASURCA reactor as a flexible, high-intensity, fast neutron beam facility

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. In recent work [1,2], we have shown that the MASURCA research reactor could be used to deliver a fairly-intense continuous fast neutron beam to an experimental room located next to the reactor core. As a consequence of the MASURCA favorable characteristics and diverse material inventories, the neutron beam intensity and spectrum can be further tailored to meet the users' needs, which could be of interest for several applications. Monte Carlo simulations have been performed to characterize in detail the extracted neutron (and photon) beam entering the experimental room. These numerical simulations were done for two different bare cores: A uranium metallic core (∼30% 235 U enriched) and a plutonium oxide core (∼25% Pu fraction, ∼78% 239 Pu). The results show that the distinctive resonance energy structures of the two core leakage spectra are preserved at the channel exit. As the experimental room is large enough to house a dedicated set of neutron spectrometry instruments, we have investigated several candidate neutron spectrum measurement techniques, which could be implemented to guarantee well-defined, repeatable beam conditions to users. Our investigation also includes considerations regarding the gamma rays in the beams.

show abstract

“…As described elsewhere [17], the neutron spectra were evaluated by making combined measurements with a proton-recoil proportional counter [18] and liquid scintillator detector [19]. The measured recoil spectra were unfolded using maximum entropy deconvolution [20], based on Monte Carlo simulated detector response functions [21].…”

Section: Radiation Effects In Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics: From Single Cells to Small Animals

Xu¹

2016

Radiation Effects in Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this chapter, two of very unique and novel radiation technologies for modern radiobiology studies are reviewed. First of all, it is concentrated on the developments of accelerator-based particle microbeam system, which has been effectively used for studying the puzzle of "radiation-induced bystander effect." In addition, a recent published singlecell microbeam study, which is aiming to directly measure a cell's radio-sensitivity combining microbeam system with self-referencing biosensor, is included. Then, toward the study of realistic irradiation scenarios in radiation biology in particular, such as a nuclear attack for homeland security concerns or a potential large-scale radiological event, there would be a major need to ascertain, within a few days, the radiation doses received by tens or hundreds of thousands of individuals. Specifically, biological tests would need to be established to estimate the likelihood of such radiation exposure to result in serious health consequences; tests that would then be applied to decide on the correct treatments that might mitigate the short-and long-term health effects of such radiation exposure. However, because of the complexity and difficulty of conducting tests in such circumstance, innovative irradiation systems and technology are required. So the new developments of small animal irradiation system for evaluating the radiation risk and carrying out animal model radiobiology experiments within the mimicked radiation scenarios are covered in the second half of this chapter.

show abstract

Neutron spectrometry in mixed fields: proportional counter spectrometers

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Accelerator-Based Biological Irradiation Facility Simulating Neutron Exposure from an Improvised Nuclear Device

Accelerator-Based Biological Irradiation Facility Simulating Neutron Exposure from an Improvised Nuclear Device

On the possible use of the MASURCA reactor as a flexible, high-intensity, fast neutron beam facility

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics: From Single Cells to Small Animals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About