Neutrophil chemotaxis in preterm infants with infections

Laurenti, F; Ferro, Ruggero; Marzetti, G; Rossini, Mainara; Bucci, G.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(80)80700-1

Cited by 37 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The results of two previous studies of PMN chemotaxis in smaller groups of stressed neonates were also similar to ours. Decreased PMN chemotaxis was noted in premature infants with sepsis (19) and infants of diabetic mothers (20) compared with that of healthy neonates. These data suggest that impairment of PMN motility in neonates is an important cause of their increased susceptibility to overwhelming bacterial infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, studies of older children and adults with skin or nonlife-threatening systemic bacterial infections showed an increase in PMN chemotaxis (31-33). Laurenti et al (19) studied neonates with surface infection and sepsis. Those with surface infection had an increase in PMN chemotaxis while those with sepsis had impaired PMN chemotaxis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Adherence and Chemotaxis in Stressed and Healthy Neonates

et al. 1986

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ABSTRACT. Defects in polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) adherence and chemotaxis in neonates are thought to be an important cause of their increased susceptibility to overwhelming bacterial infection. Few studies of these functions have been carried out in stressed neonates who are at even greater risk of infection. PMN adherence and chemotaxis were examined in 33 stressed neonates with acute lower respiratory illness, 13 healthy neonates, and 43 healthy adults using whole blood PMN adherence and chemotaxis assays. PMN chemotaxis was significantly decreased in stressed neonates (locomotion index of 38.4 + 9.7 pm) compared with that of healthy neonates (48.9 + 12.8 pm, p < 0.01) or adults (61.6 9 11.9 pm,p < 0.001).PMN chemotaxis was studied during illness and recovery in 13 of the 33 stressed neonates and showed significant improvement during recovery (41.6 2 9.9 and 53.2 + 11.9 pm, respectively, p = 0.012). PMN adherence was de- Bacterial infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in newborn infants primarily because of immaturity of their host defense mechanisms (1, 2). Neutrophils (PMNs) are the major cellular elements which defend against bacterial invasion. They respond to infection by adhering to vascular endothehum, moving toward the site of infection along a chemotactic gradient (chemotaxis) and killing ingested bacteria. The functional capacity of neonatal PMNs have been carefully studied and although results are not entirely consistent, PMN adherence (3-5) and chemotaxis (6-8) appear to be depressed in healthy neonates compared with that of adults while phagocytosis and microbial killing (9-12) are intact. In studies of neonates with underlying illness or stress, PMN phagocytosis has been found to be normal ( I 1-1 5) while microbial killing has been found to Received Junc 17. 1985: accepted November 26, 1985 be decreased ( 11-1 3, 15, 16). There have been few studies of PMN adherence and chemotaxis in stressed neonates (17). Since further impairment in these functions could help explain the increased susceptibility of stressed neonates to overwhelming bacterial infection, we prospectively studied PMN adherence and chemotaxis in healthy newborn infants and those with respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonia, and other cardiorespiratory illnesses. MATERIALS AND METHODSSubjects. Blood was obtained from 33 stressed neonates with a median chronological age of 3 days (range 1-88 days) and median gestational age of 36 wk (range 25-43 wk), 13 healthy neonates with a median chronological age of 6 days (range 3-88 days) and median gestational age of 36 wk (range 27-42 wk) and 43 healthy adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Adherence and Chemotaxis in Stressed and Healthy Neonates

et al. 1986

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“…Because neonates are immunologically immature they are therefore at risk of infections. Premature or low-birth-weight neonates are at special risk (Cotton & Goldberger, 1979;Miller, 1979;Laurenti et al 1980), and some normal bacterial flora may become opportunist pathogens, especially in premature babies, causing sepsis requiring antibiotic treatment and prolonged hospital stay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of bacterial flora of premature neonates

Rotimi¹,

Olowe

Ahmed

1985

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYThe sequential acquisition of bacterial flora by premature neonates was studied during a 10 month period. Mean gestational age of the babies was 29-01 weeks and the mean birth weight was 1P728 kg. Escherichia coli and group B streptococci (GBS) colonized the umbilicus of 7 and 6 babies respectively, out of 23 studied, on the first day of life. E. coli and staphylococci were the predominant flora on the 6th day and they colonized 12 and 13 respectively. The oral flora was predominantly Gram-positive cocci, mainly Streptoccocus salivarius which was isolated from 17 out of 22 babies on the 6th day, viridians streptococci were isolated from 14 babies, Staphylococcus albus from 16 babies and group D streptococci from 11 babies. Candida spp. also colonized the oral cavities of 17 out of 22 babies on the 6th day. At the end of the first week of life, the faecal flora was predominantly anaerobic represented by Bifidobacterium spp., Bacterioides spp. and Clostridium spp. The commonest facultative faecal flora were E. coli, which was isolated from all the babies, and Strept. faecalis isolated from 20 babies. Early gut colonization by GBS, Bacteroides spp. and Clostridium spp. was noticed in more babies delivered vaginally than by caesarean section where colonization by these bacteria was relatively delayed. The use of prophylactic penicillin plus gentamicin in the special neonatal unit probably prevented systemic spread of any of the potential opportunistic pathogens during the study.

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“…In neonates, PMN are impaired in the chemotaxis (1)(2)(3) and are defective in the deformability and adhesiveness (4,5). In addition, defective oxidative metabolism in neonatal PMN has been described by some investigators (6)(7)(8)(9).…”

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confidence: 99%

Abnormal Membrane Fluidity as a Cause of Impaired Functional Dynamics of Chemoattractant Receptors on Neonatal Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes: Lack of Modulation of the Receptors by a Membrane Fluidizer

et al. 1988

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ABSTRACT. Membrane properties associated with chemoattractant-mediated cellular responsiveness of neonatal polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) were analyzed using n-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine. Inasmuch as aliphatic alcohols as a membrane fluidizer can enhance the chemoattractant binding and affect subsequent cellular responsiveness in adult PMN, neonatal PMN were studied for such properties by their treatment with iso-propyl alcohol, an aliphatic alcohol. The alcohol (~2.5%) treatment enhanced the N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine binding to adult PMN, but there were no changes in the N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine binding to neonatal PMN. Although the N-formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine-induced subsequent responsiveness including migration, lysosomal enzyme release and superoxide anion production were modulated by the alcohol treatment in adult PMN, there was no such modulation in neonatal PMN. Because membrane fluidity is largely involved in the regulation of the receptor functions, the membrane fluidity of neonatal PMN was next measured by an excimer-forming lipid technique in flow cytometry. The membrane fluidity value (0.45 f 0.037) of neonatal PMN was lower than that (0.74 + 0.072) of adult PMN (p < 0.01).Although the aliphatic alcohol enhanced the membrane fluidity of adult PMN, it did not affect the membrane fluidity of neonatal PMN. We conclude that there is abnormal membrane fluidity as a cause of impaired functional dynamics of the chemoattractant receptors, which appears to underlie the defective modulation of cell functions by the membrane fluidizer in neonatal PMN.

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Neutrophil chemotaxis in preterm infants with infections

Cited by 37 publications

References 7 publications

Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Adherence and Chemotaxis in Stressed and Healthy Neonates

Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Adherence and Chemotaxis in Stressed and Healthy Neonates

The development of bacterial flora of premature neonates

Abnormal Membrane Fluidity as a Cause of Impaired Functional Dynamics of Chemoattractant Receptors on Neonatal Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes: Lack of Modulation of the Receptors by a Membrane Fluidizer

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