Neutrophil extracellular traps correlate with severity and prognosis in patients with ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Wu, Zhuo-Rao; Zhou, Tian-Qi; Ai, Shuang-Chun

doi:10.1007/s13760-023-02409-5

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 34 publications

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“…There are several other registered interventional clinical trials with currently no published results on testing the efficacy of aerosolized DNase 1 to dismantle NETs and alleviate respiratory symptoms in COVID-19 (NCT04541979, NCT04445285, NCT05279391, NCT04359654, NCT04409925). DNase is also currently being tested as mono-or adjunct-therapy in the treatment of ischemic stroke (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05880524, NCT05203224), another vascular disease that is associated with NET release [122].…”

Section: Downstream Net Targetingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Cardiovascular and Aortic Disease: A Narrative Review on Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targeting

Ibrahim,

Eilenberg,

Neumayer

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), composed of DNA, histones, and antimicrobial proteins, are released by neutrophils in response to pathogens but are also recognized for their involvement in a range of pathological processes, including autoimmune diseases, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. This review explores the intricate roles of NETs in different cardiovascular conditions such as thrombosis, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, COVID-19, and particularly in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms. We elucidate the mechanisms underlying NET formation and function, provide a foundational understanding of their biological significance, and highlight the contribution of NETs to inflammation, thrombosis, and tissue remodeling in vascular disease. Therapeutic strategies for preventing NET release are compared with approaches targeting components of formed NETs in cardiovascular disease. Current limitations and potential avenues for clinical translation of anti-NET treatments are discussed.

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Section: Downstream Net Targetingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Cardiovascular and Aortic Disease: A Narrative Review on Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targeting

Ibrahim,

Eilenberg,

Neumayer

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Neutrophil extracellular traps in homeostasis and disease

Wang,

Kim,

Lei

et al. 2024

Sig Transduct Target Ther

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Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), crucial in immune defense mechanisms, are renowned for their propensity to expel decondensed chromatin embedded with inflammatory proteins. Our comprehension of NETs in pathogen clearance, immune regulation and disease pathogenesis, has grown significantly in recent years. NETs are not only pivotal in the context of infections but also exhibit significant involvement in sterile inflammation. Evidence suggests that excessive accumulation of NETs can result in vessel occlusion, tissue damage, and prolonged inflammatory responses, thereby contributing to the progression and exacerbation of various pathological states. Nevertheless, NETs exhibit dual functionalities in certain pathological contexts. While NETs may act as autoantigens, aggregated NET complexes can function as inflammatory mediators by degrading proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. The delineation of molecules and signaling pathways governing NET formation aids in refining our appreciation of NETs’ role in immune homeostasis, inflammation, autoimmune diseases, metabolic dysregulation, and cancer. In this comprehensive review, we delve into the multifaceted roles of NETs in both homeostasis and disease, whilst discussing their potential as therapeutic targets. Our aim is to enhance the understanding of the intricate functions of NETs across the spectrum from physiology to pathology.

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Associations of NETs with inflammatory risk and clinical predictive value in large artery atherosclerosis stroke: a prospective cohort study

Li,

Liu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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Background and objectiveNeutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) with inflammatory risk are important contributors to cardiovascular disease, but no definitive information is available in large artery atherosclerotic (LAA) stroke. This study aims to investigate the association between NETs with related inflammatory biomarkers and prognosis of LAA stroke in the Chinese population.MethodsA prospective study involving 145 LAA stroke cases and 121 healthy controls was conducted. Serum levels of MPO-DNA, PAD4, HMGB1, C1q, AIM2, ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 were determined in all participants. The biomarkers were detected at three time points after stroke onset (24 hours: T1, 48 hours: T2, 7 days: T3) for LAA stroke patients and once for controls. Patients were followed up for 2 years after the ischemic event.ResultsThe serum MPO-DNA, PAD4, C1q, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 reach their peak at 24 hours after stroke onset and show a decreasing trend during acute phase. MPO-DNA, AIM2 and IL-1β at baseline were associated with poor outcome at 3 months, further GMDR analysis revealed that the combination of MPO-DNA, AIM2 and IL-1β exert a synergistic effect on the prognosis of LAA stroke (OR: 8.75 95%CI (2.10-32.42)). For time-to-event analysis, MPO-DNA, Caspase-1 and IL-1β at baseline were predictors of MVEs after stroke (HR:4.04 (95%CI 1.28-12.70), 2.33 (95%CI 1.06-5.12) and 4.09 (95%CI 1.39-11.99), respectively).ConclusionsNETs and related inflammatory biomarkers at baseline predicted outcome at 3 months and late major vascular events following LAA stroke, supporting a rationale of randomized trials for targeted therapy directed at high-risk patients with elevated baseline NETs and related inflammatory biomarkers.

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Neutrophil extracellular traps correlate with severity and prognosis in patients with ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Cardiovascular and Aortic Disease: A Narrative Review on Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targeting

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Cardiovascular and Aortic Disease: A Narrative Review on Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targeting

Neutrophil extracellular traps in homeostasis and disease

Associations of NETs with inflammatory risk and clinical predictive value in large artery atherosclerosis stroke: a prospective cohort study

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