Neutrophil Membrane-Inspired Nanorobots Act as Antioxidants Ameliorate Ischemia Reperfusion-Induced Acute Kidney Injury

Abstract

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury causes excessive oxidative events and initiates destructive inflammatory responses, and it is an important promoter to the pathology of various pathema states. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent type of nonapoptotic cell death accompanied by the accumulation of membrane lipid peroxide and consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acid, and it plays a key role in I/R injury diseases. Moreover, the excessive production of inflammatory cytokines contributes to the development of acute kidney injury. Here, we reported neutrophil membrane-coated copper-based nanoparticles (N–Cu5.4O@DFO NPs) for I/R kidney injury treatment. The highly biocompatible and stable N–Cu5.4O@DFO NPs showed excellent antioxidant and iron ion scavenging abilities in vitro. Our finding showed that the N–Cu5.4O@DFO NPs strategy could significantly accumulate in the inflammatory kidney, reduce oxidative damage events and inflammatory response, and finally achieve synergistic therapy against renal I/R injury. This work promotes the development of nanoantioxidant agents with multiple antioxidant properties for the therapy of other I/R injury diseases.

Classification and application of metal-based nanoantioxidants in medicine and healthcare

“…Depending on the location of the accumulation, nanoantioxidants need to employ different encapsulating or coating strategies. Several studies used neutrophil membranes to increase the specificity of antioxidant delivery to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury kidneys [ 104 – 105 ]. Neutrophils play a vital role in resolving inflammation, tissue repair, and initiating I/R-induced acute kidney injury progression.…”