Neutrophilic Dermatoses in Children

Abstract

The neutrophilic dermatoses are rare disorders, especially in children, and are characterized by neutrophilic infiltrates in the skin and less commonly in extracutaneous tissue. The neutrophilic dermatoses share similar clinical appearances and associated conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease, malignancies, and medications. Overlap forms of disease demonstrating features of multiple neutrophilic dermatoses may be seen. The manuscript attempts to provide an up-to-date review of (i) classical neutrophilic dermatoses, focusing on distinctive features in children and (ii) neutrophilic dermatoses which may largely be pediatric or genodermatosis-associated (Majeed, SAPHO [synovitis, severe acne, sterile palmoplantar pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis] syndrome, PAPA (pyogenic sterile arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne), PFAPA (periodic fever with aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenopathy), and other periodic fever syndromes, and congenital erosive and vesicular dermatosis healing with reticulated supple scarring).

The adverse consequences of pyoderma gangrenosum in a 13 year old child

“…In older children and adults, PG commonly affects the legs, whereas in younger children and infants, PG often affects the perineum (possibly because of frequent trauma in this area) or face. 6 The disease is most often diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs and nearly always requires exclusion of other causes of ulcerative cutaneous disorders. 7 Differential diagnosis from surgical wound infection is extremely difficult.…”

Síndrome de Sweet en Pediatría. A proposito de un caso

“…Este infiltrado se extiende a menudo a lo largo de toda la dermis, comprometiendo incluso el tejido subcutáneo o la epidermis. Se pueden observar neutrófilos perivasculares, linfocitos y leucocitosis reactiva, pero no debiesen existir cambios fibrinoides o vasculitis (9) . Se han descrito tres escenarios clínicos en los que se presenta el SS: clásico o idiopático, paraneoplásico e inducido por drogas (7) .…”

Ulcérations extensives chez l’enfant : penser au pyoderma gangrenosum

“…Cependant, aucun article n'a rapporté cette association dans la littérature. Le diagnostic de PG est essentiellement clinique (tableau I) [4], aucune lésion histologique n'est pathognomonique, cependant, la biopsie cutanée semble nécessaire afin d'éliminer les autres causes d'ulcérations cutanées [5]. Su et al [6] ont proposé des critères diagnostiques (tableau II) dont 2 critères majeurs et au moins 2 critères mineurs permettent de retenir ce diagnostic.…”