Nevada Inner Experience Questionnaire

Heavey, Christopher L.; Moynihan, Stefanie A.; Brouwers, Vincent P.; Lapping-Carr, Leiszle; Krumm, Alek E.; Kelsey, Jason M.; Turner, Dio K.; Hurlburt, Russell T.

doi:10.1037/t71243-000

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Participants reported experiencing inner speech about 20% of the time they were probed, with important individual differences ranging from 0% (no inner speech) to 75%. This team reported a much higher inner speech frequency (over 70%) using a self-report scale they developed (the Nevada Inner Experience Questionnaire [103]). One explanation offered is that the DES method entails training and practice that is likely to increase participants' understanding of what inner speech is and is not, which the self-report approach does not, leading to an overestimation by volunteers using the latter.…”

Section: Weekly Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Self Course: Lessons Learned from Students’ Weekly Questions

Morin

2023

Behavioral Sciences

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In this paper, I tentatively answer 50 questions sampled from a pool of over 10,000 weekly questions formulated by students in a course entitled “The Self”. The questions pertain to various key topics related to self-processes, such as self-awareness, self-knowledge, self-regulation, self-talk, self-esteem, and self-regulation. The students’ weekly questions and their answers highlight what is currently known about the self. Answers to the student questions also allow for the identification of some recurrent lessons about the self. Some of these lessons include: all self-processes are interconnected (e.g., prospection depends on autobiography), self-terms must be properly defined (e.g., self-rumination and worry are not the same), inner speech plays an important role in self-processes, controversies are numerous (are animals self-aware?), measurement issues abound (e.g., self-recognition as an operationalization of self-awareness), deficits in some self-processes can have devastating effects (e.g., self-regulatory deficits may lead to financial problems), and there are lots of unknowns about the self (e.g., gender differences in Theory-of-Mind).

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Section: Weekly Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Self Course: Lessons Learned from Students’ Weekly Questions

Morin

2023

Behavioral Sciences

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“…We are far from the first to attempt to quantify individual differences in inner verbalization or inner speech. Previously developed inner speech instruments include Duncan and Cheyene's Self-Verbalization Questionnaire (1999), Brinthaupt et al's Self-Talk Scale (Brinthaupt, Hein, & Kramer, 2009), Calvete et al's Self-Talk Inventory (Calvete et al, 2005), Siegrist's Inner-Speech Scale (Siegrist, 1995), Fernyhough and colleagues' Varieties of Inner Speech Questionnaire (Alderson-Day, Mitrenga, Wilkinson, McCarthy-Jones, & Fernyhough, 2018;McCarthy-Jones & Fernyhough, 2011), and the Nevada Inner Speech Questionnaire (Heavey et al, 2018). These assessments tend to have relatively high test-retest reliability, but different instruments correlate poorly, suggesting low convergent validity (Uttl, Morin, & Hamper, 2011).…”

Section: Why Care About Differences In Internal Verbalization?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many people describe that their thinking takes the form of an inner voice (Alderson-Day & Fernyhough, 2015a;Hurlburt, Heavey, & Kelsey, 2013;Klinger & Cox, 1987). As with visual imagery, earlier surveys have revealed large individual differences in the propensity to hear an "inner voice" (Heavey & Hurlburt, 2008;Heavey et al, 2018) as well as differences in the quality of the inner voice and situations in which it is experienced (Beyler & Schmeck, 1992;Kosslyn, Brunn, Cave, & Wallach, 1984;Macleod, Hunt, & Mathews, 1978). The range of people's experiences is captured by the following comments on a recent Reddit thread:…”

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confidence: 99%

The Internal Representations Questionnaire: Measuring modes of thinking

Roebuck

Lupyan

2020

Behav Res

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Does the format in which we experience our moment-to-moment thoughts vary from person to person? Many people claim that their thinking takes place in an inner voice and that using language outside of interpersonal communication is a regular experience for them. Other people disagree. We present a novel measure, the Internal Representation Questionnaire (IRQ) designed to assess people's subjective mode of internal representations, and to quantify individual differences in "modes of thinking" along multiple factors in a single questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis identified four factors: Internal Verbalization, Visual Imagery, Orthographic Imagery, and Representational Manipulation. All four factors were positively correlated with one another, but accounted for unique predictions. We describe the properties of the IRQ and report a test of its ability to predict patterns of interference in a speeded word-picture verification task. Taken together, the results suggest that self-reported differences in how people internally represent their thoughts relates to differences in processing familiar images and written words.

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Measuring the Frequency of Inner-Experience Characteristics

Hurlburt

Heavey

Lapping-Carr

et al. 2021

Perspect Psychol Sci

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Inner experience is widely accepted by psychologists and lay people as being straightforwardly observable: Inner speech, visual images, feelings, and so on are understood to be directly apprehendable “before the footlights of consciousness.” Many psychologists hold that such characteristics of inner experience play substantial theoretical roles and have applied significance across a wide range of cognitive, affective, performance, and clinical situations. If so, the frequency of occurrence of these characteristics is of fundamental importance. Such frequencies are usually estimated by questionnaires or by questionnaire-based experience sampling. However, there are reasons to wonder about the accuracy of such questionnaire-based estimates. We present three studies that compared, head-to-head, questionnaire-based experiential frequencies with frequencies discovered using descriptive experience sampling (DES), a method for random sampling in the natural environment that aspires to apprehend inner experience with as high fidelity as the state of the art allows. Together, they suggest that estimates of inner-experience frequency produced by questionnaires and DES are irreconcilably discrepant: Questionnaire-based methods produced dramatically higher (from 2 to 4 times as high) frequencies than did DES. These results suggest caution when interpreting questionnaire-based experiential results and the importance of additional high-fidelity studies of inner experience.

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Nevada Inner Experience Questionnaire

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

The Self Course: Lessons Learned from Students’ Weekly Questions

The Self Course: Lessons Learned from Students’ Weekly Questions

The Internal Representations Questionnaire: Measuring modes of thinking

Measuring the Frequency of Inner-Experience Characteristics

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