Never the twain shall meet? - a comparison of implementation science and policy implementation research

Nilsén, Per; Ståhl, Christian; Roback, Kerstin; Cairney, Paul

doi:10.1186/1748-5908-8-63

Cited by 276 publications

(255 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(105 reference statements)

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“…Yet much of this growth was happening outside of venues where public affairs research was published. Nilsen et al (2013) provides a frame for understanding this development. In areas such as medicine, community psychology, early childhood development, and education, researchers have made considerable inroads in developing models and methods for studying program implementation.…”

Section: A "New" Study Of Implementation Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…While many of the programs being studied take place in public settings or are enabled by public policy, this program implementation literature is for the most part divorced from prior studies of policy implementation (Nilsen, Stahl, Roback, & Cairney, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study of implementation within public affairs has theoretically embraced a multi-level framework of governance, where the outcomes of public policies and programs are best understood as resulting from multiple levels within a larger system (Berman, 1981;Hill & Hupe, 2014;Lynn, Heinrich, & Hill, 2001;Robichau & Lynn, 2009;Van Meter & Van Horn, 1975;Winter, 2003). Similar multi-level frameworks have been proposed for the new study of implementation science, but there are worries about whether or not the predominant theories or methods support this more holistic approach (Nilsen et al, 2013). Little is known empirically about the extent to which research studies on implementation are situated across multiple levels of the governance system.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Comparative Analysis of Two Streams of Implementation Research

Roll

Moulton

Sandfort

2017

J. Public Nonprof Aff.

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Section: A "New" Study Of Implementation Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comparative Analysis of Two Streams of Implementation Research

Roll

Moulton

Sandfort

2017

J. Public Nonprof Aff.

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“…Many first-generation policy implementation studies were explorative, primarily seeking to position implementation within a policy cycle divided into a series of stages such as agenda setting, policy formulation, legitimation, implementation and evaluation (58). As the research evolved, two schools of thought emerged for studying implementation: top-down and bottom-up.…”

Section: Implementation Of Policy Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion, implementation and consequences of new health technology : The cases of biological drugs for rheumatoid arthritis and the Swedish national guidelines

Kalkan¹

2015

Linköping University Medical Dissertations

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Improvements in health technology raise hopes for better patient outcomes and a more efficient delivery of health care. However, the processes of diffusion and implementation of new health technology have been shown to be complicated and to pose a number of challenges for the healthcare sector. Many at tempts have been made to influence and manage the introduction and diffusion of health technology. One prominent example is the Swedish nat ional guidelines that aim at influencing both clinical and political decision - making in the health sector. The overall aim of this thesis is to describe and analyze the factors influencing the diffusion and economic consequences of the introduction of a new technology with large variations in use, and to explore the process of implementation of nationally produced guidelines as an instrument for improv ing effectiveness and equity. The empirical focus is kept on the biological drugs (bDMARDs) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), since they implied a substantial treatment change when they were first int roduced and they are relatively costly; and on the national guidelines for cardiac care, since they were the first nat ional guidelines, hence allowing a long-term perspect ive in the exploration of their implementat ion. Paper I presents a register study that uses data from national and regional registries on healt hcare use and work disability of patients with RA and shows that there was a 32 percent increase in the total fixed cost of RA during 1990-2010, mainly after the introduct ion of bDMARDs. Paper II shows that choosing to initiate treatment with bDMARDs varied substantially among 26 rheumatologists presented with hypothetical patient cases, and that there were also disparities between rheumatologists practicing in the same clinic. Paper III presents data from the Swedish Rheumatology Quality Register covering 4010 patients with RA, and shows that when using multivariate logistic regression to adjust for patient characterist ics, disease activity and t he physician’s local context, physician preference was an import ant predict or for prescription of bDMARDs. Paper IV is a qualitative study about prescribing decisions, showing that a constellat ion of various factors and their interact ion influenced the prescribing decisions according to the 26 interviewed rheumatologists. The factors included the individual rheumatologist ’s experiences and perceptions of t he evidence, the structure of the department including responsibility for costs, peer pressure, political and administrative influences, and participat ion in clinical trials. The patient as an actor emerged as an important factor. Paper V is a longitudinal qualitat ive study exploring the responses among four Swedish county councils to the national guidelines for cardiac care through 155 interviews with politicians, administ rators and clinical managers. The results show that unilateral responses to the national guidelines within the county councils have been rare, but there have been at tempts to compromise and to at ...

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“…The framework is aptly suited to this purpose as it uses the policy literature as grounding, for instance framing context in the form of institutional, interest and value/idea barriers often used in such analyses (5). The implementation science literature so far has made too little use of policy theories and the related body of evidence about how institutional and organizational factors shape program choices and provider behaviours (6). El-Jardali and Fadlallah describe their approach as impactoriented, as encompassing the spectrum of activities from research agenda setting to monitoring and evaluation, and as one which draws attention to the needs for capacity building among all players at all stages in order to best achieve knowledge transfer into action.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflecting on backward design for knowledge translation Comment on "A call for a backward design to knowledge translation"

Smith

Cornelissen

Mitton

2015

Int J Health Policy Manag

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In a recent Editorial for this journal, El-Jardali and Fadlallah proposed a new framework for Knowledge Translation (KT) in healthcare. Many such frameworks already exist; thus, new entrants to the field must be scrutinized in regard to their unique contributions to advancing understanding and practice. The El-Jardali and Fadlallah framework focuses on policy-level discussions, a relatively under-studied issue to date. Their framework usefully incorporates both priority setting questions at the front-end (which KT efforts get undertaken and which do not) as well as evaluation questions at the back-end (how do we show that more evidence-informed decisions are actually better ones?). Their framework also emphasizes capacity building among both decision-makers and researchers. This is an area worthy of additional attention, particularly because it is likely to be far more challenging than El-Jardali and Fadlallah allow. Keywords: Knowledge Translation (KT), Priority Setting, Evaluation, Capacity Building Copyright: © 2015 by Kerman University of Medical Sciences Citation: Smith N, Cornelissen E, Mitton C. Reflecting on backward design for knowledge translation: Comment on "A call for a backward design to knowledge translation".

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Never the twain shall meet? - a comparison of implementation science and policy implementation research

Cited by 276 publications

References 71 publications

A Comparative Analysis of Two Streams of Implementation Research

A Comparative Analysis of Two Streams of Implementation Research

Diffusion, implementation and consequences of new health technology : The cases of biological drugs for rheumatoid arthritis and the Swedish national guidelines

Reflecting on backward design for knowledge translation Comment on "A call for a backward design to knowledge translation"

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