New amino acid germinants for spores of the enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens type A isolates

Udompijitkul, Pathima; Alnoman, Maryam M.; Banawas, Saeed; Paredes-Sabja, Daniel; Sarker, Mahfuzur R.

doi:10.1016/j.fm.2014.04.011

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In recent years, significant progress has been made in understanding the mechanism of C. perfringens spore germination, leading to the identification and characterization of suitable germinants and germinant receptors for spores of C. perfringens FP and NFB strains (99,101). Although there are differences in the preference of germinants among the strains, some germinants (such as AK or L-cysteine) can induce germination of spores of a wide range of C. perfringens strains (99,102). Such understanding has led to the development of novel strategies involving induction of spore germination followed by subsequent killing of germinated spores with mild treatments (39,92,103,104), as in the following examples.…”

Section: Germination-induced Inactivation Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation Strategies for Clostridium perfringens Spores and Vegetative Cells

Talukdar

Udompijitkul

Hossain

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Clostridium perfringens is an important pathogen to human and animals and causes a wide array of diseases, including histotoxic and gastrointestinal illnesses. C. perfringens spores are crucial in terms of the pathogenicity of this bacterium because they can survive in a dormant state in the environment and return to being live bacteria when they come in contact with nutrients in food or the human body. Although the strategies to inactivate C. perfringens vegetative cells are effective, the inactivation of C. perfringens spores is still a great challenge. A number of studies have been conducted in the past decade or so toward developing efficient inactivation strategies for C. perfringens spores and vegetative cells, which include physical approaches and the use of chemical preservatives and naturally derived antimicrobial agents. In this review, different inactivation strategies applied to control C. perfringens cells and spores are summarized, and the potential limitations and challenges of these strategies are discussed.

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Section: Germination-induced Inactivation Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation Strategies for Clostridium perfringens Spores and Vegetative Cells

Talukdar

Udompijitkul

Hossain

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…In contrast, C. perfringens has no tricistronic gerA -like operon and only a monocistronic gerAA that is far from the gerK locus. This gerK locus contains a bicistronic gerKA-KC operon and a monocistronic gerKB upstream of, and in the opposite orientation from, gerKA-KC (58, 59). Interestingly, the tricistronic gerA operons found in B. subtilis accounts for ∼ 50% of GRs, while the gerK locus found in C. perfringens accounts for nearly 5% of the GRs present in sequenced genomes of endospore-forming members of Bacillales and Clostridiales (49).…”

Section: Germination Of C Perfringens Sporesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridium perfringens Sporulation and Sporulation-Associated Toxin Production

Paredes-Sabja

Sarker

et al. 2016

Microbiol Spectr

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The ability of Clostridium perfringens to form spores plays a key role during the transmission of this Gram-positive bacterium to cause disease. Of particular note, the spores produced by food poisoning strains are often exceptionally resistant to food environment stresses such as heat, cold and preservatives, which likely facilitates their survival in temperature-abused foods. The exceptional resistance properties of spores made by most type A food poisoning strains and some type C foodborne disease strains involves their production of a variant small acid soluble protein-4 that binds more tightly to spore DNA compared to the small acid soluble protein-4 made by most other C. perfringens strains. Sporulation and germination by C. perfringens and Bacillus spp. share both similarities and differences. Finally, sporulation is essential for production of C. perfringens enterotoxin, which is responsible for the symptoms of C. perfringens type A food poisoning, the second most common bacterial foodborne disease in the USA. During this foodborne disease, C. perfringens is ingested with food and then, using sporulation-specific alternate sigma factors, this bacterium sporulates and produces the enterotoxin in the intestines.

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“…c–f) because it is suspected that spores’ responses to sublethal heating differ when stimulated by different germination inducers. Differences between L‐cysteine and L‐glutamine as germinants are of interest for several reasons: (i) these polar uncharged amino acids are reportedly among the most effective germinants for C. perfringens strains linked to FBI ; (ii) Warda and colleagues have reported that BHI medium does not contain detectable amounts of cysteine or glutamine as free amino acid constituents ; and (iii) a previous study analyzing germination at single‐cell resolution only used KCl and L‐asparagine as germinants . Both amino acids stimulated germination of SM101 and NCTC8239 spores (Fig.…”

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Effect of sublethal heat treatment on the later stage of germination‐to‐outgrowth of Clostridium perfringens spores

Sakanoue

Yasugi

Miyake

2018

Microbiology and Immunology

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Sublethal heating of spores has long been known to stimulate or activate germination; however, the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. In this study, the entire germination-to-outgrowth process of spores from Clostridium perfringens, an anaerobic sporeformer, was visualized at single-cell resolution. Quantitative analysis revealed that sublethal heating significantly reduces the time from completion of germination to the beginning of the first cell division, indicating that sublethal heating of C. perfringens spores not only sensitizes the responsiveness of germinant receptors but also directly or indirectly facilitates multiple steps during the bacterial regrowth process.

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New amino acid germinants for spores of the enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens type A isolates

Cited by 19 publications

References 39 publications

Inactivation Strategies for Clostridium perfringens Spores and Vegetative Cells

Inactivation Strategies for Clostridium perfringens Spores and Vegetative Cells

Clostridium perfringens Sporulation and Sporulation-Associated Toxin Production

Effect of sublethal heat treatment on the later stage of germination‐to‐outgrowth of Clostridium perfringens spores

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