New and improved? A review of novel antibiotics for Gram-positive bacteria

Abbas, Mohamed; Paul, Mical; Huttner, Angela

doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2017.06.010

Cited by 75 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…In general, influenza virus infects alveolar macrophages and tracheal and bronchial epithelial cells after its invasion and causes local cell damage. As a consequence, plenty of lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils are recruited to generate a cytokine storm and high‐level oxidative stress, 7,8 thereby leading to the destruction of the healthy tissue 9 . The critical cells involved in lung inflammatory responses are alveolar macrophages, which are regarded as important promoters of the inflammatory reaction during the process of influenza virus infections 10,11 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Berberine suppresses influenza virus-triggered NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages by inducing mitophagy and decreasing mitochondrial ROS

Liu

You

et al. 2020

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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Berberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from several commonly used Chinese herbs. Our previous studies demonstrated BBR‐mediated alleviation of lung injury due to inflammation and decrease in the mortality of mice with influenza viral pneumonia. The recent argument of autophagy against inflammatory responses has aroused wide concerns. This study focuses on the reactive oxygen species‐Nod‐like receptor protein 3 (ROS‐NLRP3) pathway to investigate whether BBR inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation by inducing mitophagy. Our results demonstrate that BBR and mitochondrion‐targeted superoxide dismutase mimetic (Mito‐TEMPO; a specific mitochondrial ROS scavenger) significantly restricted NLRP3 inflammasome activation, increased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and decreased mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) generation in J774A.1 macrophages infected with PR8 influenza virus. These observations suggest that the inhibitory effects of BBR on NLRP3 inflammasome activation were associated with the amelioration of mtROS generation. BBR treatment induced regular mitophagy, as evident from the increase in microtubule‐associated protein 1 light chain 3 II, decrease in p62, colocalization of LC3 and mitochondria, and formation of autophagosomes. However, 3‐methyladenine, an autophagy inhibitor, reversed the inhibitory effects of BBR on mitochondrial damage and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in influenza virus‐infected macrophages, indicating the involvement of mitophagy in mediating the inhibitory effects of BBR on NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Furthermore, the knockdown of Bcl‐2/adenovirus E18‐19‐kDa interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) expression attenuated the effects of BBR on mitophagy induction to some extent, suggesting that the BBR‐induced mitophagy may be, at least in part, mediated in a BNIP3‐dependent manner. Similar results were obtained in vivo using a mouse model of influenza viral pneumonia that was administered with BBR. Taken together, these findings suggest that restricting NLRP3 inflammasome activation by decreasing ROS generation through mitophagy induction may be crucial for the BBR‐mediated alleviation of influenza virus‐induced inflammatory lesions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Berberine suppresses influenza virus-triggered NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages by inducing mitophagy and decreasing mitochondrial ROS

Liu

You

et al. 2020

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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“…The disease caused by S. aureus is a worldwide public health issue ( Kadariya et al, 2014 ; Al-Mebairik et al, 2016 ), and the situation is exacerbated by the emergence of drug-resistant strains, particularly the methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) ( Wendlandt et al, 2013 ; Foster, 2017 ). Some success has been achieved in the discovery and development of various drugs for the treatment of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens ( Stevens et al, 2004 ; Ziglam, 2007 ; Abbas et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenanthrene Antibiotic Targets Bacterial Membranes and Kills Staphylococcus aureus With a Low Propensity for Resistance Development

et al. 2018

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New classes of antibiotics with different mechanisms of action are urgently required for combating antimicrobial resistance. Blestriacin, a dihydro-biphenanthrene with significant antibacterial activity, was recently isolated from the fibrous roots of Bletilla striata. Here, we report the further characterization of the antimicrobial potential and mode of action of blestriacin. The phenanthrene compound inhibited the growth of all tested clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of blestriacin against these pathogens ranged from 2 to 8 μg/mL. Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) tests were conducted, and the results demonstrated that blestriacin was bactericidal against S. aureus. This effect was confirmed by the time-kill assays. At bactericidal concentrations, blestriacin caused loss of membrane potential in B. subtilis and S. aureus and disrupted the bacterial membrane integrity of the two strains. The spontaneous mutation frequency of S. aureus to blestriacin was determined to be lower than 10-9. The selection and whole genome sequencing of the blestriacin –resistant mutants of S. aureus indicated that the development of blestriacin resistance in S. aureus involves mutations in multi-genes. All these observations can be rationalized by the suggestion that membrane is a biological target of blestriacin.

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“…The global emergence and spread of extensively resistant bacteria is a high-priority concern. However, it is encouraging that, in recent years, a number of new anti-infective agents with activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria have been approved for clinical use (69,71,72,78,81,(85)(86)(87)(88)90).…”

Section: Mobile Colisitin Resistance (Mcr) and Polymyxin Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Delafloxacin (trade name, Baxdela ® ) is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that has broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; gramnegative bacteria; atypical organisms, including Mycoplasma species, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, and Legionella; and anaerobic bacteria (85)(86)(87)(88).…”

Section: Delafloxacinmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Bugs and New Drugs: Updates in Clinical Microbiology

Lainhart

Yarbrough

Jean

2018

The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine

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Background:The landscape of clinical microbiology laboratories is changing. As new technologies are introduced, we are better able to detect and identify pathogens and to recognize and characterize emerging antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. Content: In this review, a selected cross-section of current hot topics in clinical microbiology is discussed. These topics include (a) diagnostics for urinary tract and sexually transmitted infections; (b) phenotypic and genotypic methods of detecting carbapenem resistance and discussion of newly approved anti-infective agents for these multi-drug resistant organisms; and (c) the significance, epidemiology, and identification of the emerging pathogens Mycobacterium chimaera and Candida auris. Summary: Communication between clinical microbiologists and their clinical colleagues is imperative to convey the significance of emerging pathogens and resistance determinants, as well as the performance characteristics of new diagnostic methods. Additionally, as antimicrobial resistance is surging, it is important to comprehensively evaluate the resistance profiles of clinical isolates to facilitate antimicrobial stewardship and inform infection prevention measures. Although antimicrobial resistance is a global public health crisis, it is encouraging that new anti-infective agents are in the pipeline and being approved for use in patients. IMPACT STATEMENTThis review focuses on a cross-section of hot topics in clinical microbiology, including urinary tract and sexually transmitted infections and antimicrobial resistance determinants. As diagnostic methods in clinical microbiology result in enhanced identification of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance determinants, our understanding of the clinical relevance and impact of emerging infections is evolving.In this review, selected new technologies and assays are discussed, in addition to key emerging pathogens of public health importance and newly approved antimicrobial agents.

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New and improved? A review of novel antibiotics for Gram-positive bacteria

Cited by 75 publications

References 62 publications

Berberine suppresses influenza virus-triggered NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages by inducing mitophagy and decreasing mitochondrial ROS

Berberine suppresses influenza virus-triggered NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages by inducing mitophagy and decreasing mitochondrial ROS

Phenanthrene Antibiotic Targets Bacterial Membranes and Kills Staphylococcus aureus With a Low Propensity for Resistance Development

New Bugs and New Drugs: Updates in Clinical Microbiology

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