New and little known orthopteroid insects (polyneoptera) from fossil resins: Communication 2

Fossil calibrations for the cockroach phylogeny (Insecta, Dictyoptera, Blattodea), comments on the use of wings for their identification, and a redescription of the oldest Bla

“…Pongrácz, 1935, andPycnoscelus gardneri Cockerell, 1920, were described entirely based on unreliable tegminal variation; and Zetobora brunneri Scudder, 1876, was not given any justification for its placement in Blaberidae. Holocompsa nigra Gorokhov andAnisyutkin, 2007 (in Gorokhov, 2007) we do not reject but simply find the current classifications insufficient to utilize this fossil properly.…”

“…The pronotal shape, tegminal venation (reduced apical venation, angulate plical furrow, and coriaceous basally), hindwing venation (presence of pterostigma formed by radius or radius and medial veins), and body hairs all support this fossil's placement as Holocompsa Burmeister, 1838(Gorokhov, 2007. Despite the strength of this fossil it cannot currently be used as a calibration point.…”

“…Holocompsa nigra Gorokhov andAnisyutkin, 2007 (in Gorokhov, 2007) is a strongly justified fossil (accession number 371428 at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C., USA) from Dominican amber (26-15 Ma based on spectroscopal analysis (Brody et al, 2001)). The pronotal shape, tegminal venation (reduced apical venation, angulate plical furrow, and coriaceous basally), hindwing venation (presence of pterostigma formed by radius or radius and medial veins), and body hairs all support this fossil's placement as Holocompsa Burmeister, 1838(Gorokhov, 2007.…”

Phylogeny and age of cockroaches: a reanalysis of mitogenomes with selective fossil calibrations

“…Noteworthy examples of fossils include those of extant genus, e.g. Supella (Nemosupella) miocenica Vršanský et al, 2011(see Vršanský et al 2011a, and those of Corydioidea, e.g., Proholocompsa fossilis (Shelford, 1910) (see Gorokhov 2007), Paraeuthyrrhapha groehni Anisyutkin, 2008(see Anisyutkin 2008, Crenocticola Li & Huang, 2019 (see Li and Huang 2019). These fossils could become powerful calibrations for smaller clades (younger nodes) if the data of related extant species are available, otherwise they can only calibrate larger clades (older nodes), and become ineffective when older fossils (e.g.…”

Living cockroach genusAnaplectadiscovered in Chiapas amber (Blattaria: Ectobiidae:Anaplecta vegasp.n.)

“…The extant genus Anaplecta is today a widely distributed circumtropic taxon (see Beccaloni, 2014) and its ecology remains very little known. Fossils of the genus Anaplecta, aside from Mexican amber are also known from Eocene Baltic amber and Chinese ambers (P. Barna; 1.11.–20.11.2013, Moscow, PIN RAS and private collection V. Gusakov, specimen number PIN 964/1322; personal observation) and undescribed Anaplecta are also reported from Dominican amber (Gutiérrez & Pérez-Gelabert, 2000), but it is unclear whether the mentioned specimens do not represent the common Plectoptera electrina Gorokhov et Anisyutkin in Gorokhov (2007)— locations are marked in Fig. 1E.…”