New approaches to early detection of polycystic ovary syndrome in obese women

Artyomenko, Volodymyr; Velychko, V. I.; Lahoda, D.O.

doi:10.18370/2309-4117.2022.66.20-25

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…For example, Hirode et al found that in the United States, the prevalence of MS significantly increases with age, from 19.5% among people aged 20 to 39 years to 48.6% among those aged 60 and older [3]. It has also been discovered that MS raises the risk of developing T2DM by 5 times and that PCOS is a significant non-modifiable risk factor for these patients [4,5]. Women with PCOS who initially have normal blood sugar levels have a greater chance of developing impaired glucose tolerance, with around 16% developing carbohydrate metabolism disorders yearly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common clinical laboratory features among women with polycystic ovary syndrome and metabolic syndrome

Lahoda,

Artyomenko,

Velychko

et al. 2023

JMedLife

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Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS), with rates up to 33%. This is associated with long-term consequences such as cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cancer, sleep apnea, and psychological issues. The prevalence of MS worldwide is often associated with obesity and T2DM, yet regional variations are reported. In this study, 122 women consulting general practice and family medicine physicians were evaluated, revealing a BMI exceeding 30 kg/m². Among MS criteria, the most common diagnoses were T2DM in 29 patients, insulin resistance (IR) in 36, arterial hypertension (AH) in 51, reduced HDL levels in 53, and elevated triglycerides in 39. Further analysis revealed 16 unique combinations of MS components in these patients, with 75% of PCOS cases exhibiting three MS components and 25% having four. Additionally, research indicated that most women with PCOS face persistent, treatment-resistant obesity, with a notably higher BMI (ρ=0.87; r=0.76). These findings highlight the multifactorial nature of PCOS and MS etiology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common clinical laboratory features among women with polycystic ovary syndrome and metabolic syndrome

Lahoda,

Artyomenko,

Velychko

et al. 2023

JMedLife

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“…Вони зафіксували, що бактерії, пов'язані з ПЕ, були також асоційовані з іншими захворюваннями, такими, як ожиріння, порушення метаболізму глюкози, прозапальні стани та дисфункція кишкового бар'єра [43]. Крім того, ці мікроорганізми впливали на деякі імунні параметри, включаючи інтерлейкін-6 та ліпополісахариди, основний компонент зовнішньої мембрани грамнегативних бактерій [43,44].…”

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Woman’s microbiome and obstetrical and perinatal risks: what do they have in common?

Artyomenko,

Mnikh,

Domakova

2023

RHW

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The article is devoted to the review of modern scientific publications about the microbiome of a woman and its importance in obstetric and perinatal practice. The composition of the microbiome is changed both in the process of human evolution and personally and in different periods of a person’s life. However, on the other hand, the microbiome is influenced by the specific environment in which a person lives. It consists of a certain collection of genomes of all microorganisms. Complications during pregnancy occur frequently, according to statistics – in every sixth pregnant woman, and pose a danger to the health of the mother and child.During pregnancy, the richness and diversity of the vaginal microbiome decreases, and different species of Lactobacillus play a dominant role. The microbiome stability is hypothesized to be associated with higher levels of estrogen concentration, absence of menstruation, and modification of cervical and vaginal fluids. During an uncomplicated pregnancy, the taxonomic composition of the vaginal microbiota remains stable with the exception of the period before labor, when there is an increase in microbial diversity. This makes the vaginal microbiome similar to that of a non-pregnant woman and is believed to be a trigger for the labor process to begin.The recent studies have determined a relationship between changes in the microbiome during pregnancy and the occurrence of complications in these women. Any change or disturbance in the microbiome balance can be involved in inflammatory processes, which can potentially have adverse effects on the course of pregnancy. A major interaction between the oral microbiome and preeclampsia involves the production of nitrogen derivatives, especially nitric oxide (NO). NO is produced from L-arginine via NO synthases (NOS), and is involved in vascular processes, especially vasodilation and tissue protection. Also, NO is indirectly involved in the processes that occur in the presence of chronic cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension and preeclampsia.In recent years, scientists have begun actively to study a correlation between changes in the gut microbiome and various nosologies regarding gestational diabetes. There is not much of this data at the moment. The gut microbiome is known to modulate insulin resistance and the inflammatory response, and changes in the microbiome may be associated with metabolic diseases. It is hypothesized that changes in the gut microbiome may lead to metabolic diseases through several mechanisms: abnormal intestinal permeability, increased absorption of lipopolysaccharide, abnormal production of short-chain fatty acids, altered conversion of primary bile acids, and enhanced production of bacterial toxins (e.g., trimethylamine-N-oxide).During full-term pregnancy, the “dynamic stability” of the vaginal microbiome is described as a higher concentration of Lactobacillus species starting at 20 weeks of gestation due to increased glycogen availability and a less complex and diverse microflora. This condition may be due to the lack of cyclical hormonal changes during pregnancy. Lactobacillus and small bacterial diversity are thought to be critical factors for the initiation of labor at the end of the pregnancy.Future therapeutic strategies are likely to be applied to modulate the composition of the microbiome, including the use of pro- and prebiotics and dietary modification. However, further research is needed to identify specific tools that can be used to develop personalized therapeutic approaches for individualized prevention and treatment.

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Polycystic ovary syndrome: the competence of a family doctor

Artyomenko

Velychko

Lahoda

et al. 2023

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common diseases in the population of women of reproductive age. Due to the wide range of symptoms, PCOS can affect different body systems and be one of the comorbid diseases during a woman’s life. A family doctor may suspect the diagnosis of PCOS in a woman of reproductive age if there are symptoms of menstrual irregularities and/or concomitant symptoms of androgen excess, namely acne, hirsutism, etc. According to the Rotterdam criteria, the diagnosis of PCOS can be established if there are two of the following three criteria: hyperandrogenism (established clinically or biochemically), irregular menstrual cycle (< 9 cycles per year or interval between cycles > 35 days) and polycystic ovaries at the ultrasound study (> 12 antral follicles in one ovary and/or ovarian volume > 10 cm2). Differential diagnosis of PCOS requires the exclusion of other diseases, most often these are: pregnancy, thyroid gland dysfunction, hyperprolactinemia, Cushing’s syndrome; less often – congenital hyperplasia of the adrenal glands and androgen-secreting tumors. Anthropometric research is also one of the examination of patients with PCOS. First-line therapy for obese women with PCOS is lifestyle modification through behavioral therapy, moderate physical activity, and healthy eating habits. In addition to lifestyle modification, PCOS treatment should be multitargeted to match each patient’s phenotype, symptoms, personal goals, and expectations, such as desire to become pregnant. Screening for diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, anemia, and vitamin D deficiency is important in the management of PCOS patients. All patients with a severe or rapidly progressive course, or those with testosterone levels greater than twice the upper limit of normal, should be referred to an endocrinologist or gynecologist to rule out other causes of the condition.

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New approaches to early detection of polycystic ovary syndrome in obese women

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

Common clinical laboratory features among women with polycystic ovary syndrome and metabolic syndrome

Common clinical laboratory features among women with polycystic ovary syndrome and metabolic syndrome

Woman’s microbiome and obstetrical and perinatal risks: what do they have in common?

Polycystic ovary syndrome: the competence of a family doctor

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