New approaches towards the shortening of generation cycles for faster breeding of protein legumeshh

Abstract

In order to shorten generation cycles, a greenhouse strategy was used as control and compared with an in vitro plus in vivo strategy for pea and bambara groundnut, as well as to an in vitro only strategy for pea and grass pea. Using an in vitro plus in vivo system and embryo axis explants, nearly six generations per year for Pisum and over four generations for Vigna were obtained, compared with two generations in the field. Using successive generations from seed to seed in pea, the mean duration for one generation was 67.2 ± 4.6 days in ‘Frisson’, against a mean of 143 ± 3 days in the field. With the in vitro only strategy in pea, 6.87 generations per year were obtained with ‘Frisson’ and 5.24 with ‘Terese’, while with grass pea genotypes over three generations per year were possible. All plants obtained were morphologically normal and fertile. These results show the feasibility of using such strategies to reduce significantly the duration of generation cycles in legumes, thus offering novel approaches for breeding these important crops.

Efficient in vitro direct shoot organogenesis and regeneration of fertile plants from embryo explants of Bambara groundnut ( Vigna subterranea L. Verdc.)

“…Phytohormones (cytokinin) and the starting explant (embryo axis) proved to be the most important factors affecting regeneration in Bambara groundnut. Other investigators have also reported the effectiveness of NAA and BAP in shoot formation in legume tissues (TØtu et al 1990;Popiers et al 1997;Ochatt et al 2000Ochatt et al , 2002. In our investigation, however, experiments realized with TDZ have not given the good results obtained with other grain legumes such as Phaseolus vulgaris (Malik and Saxena 1992) and peanut (Gill and Saxena 1992).…”

“…Consequently, several traits limiting the use of Bambara remain to be eliminated-in particular, the presence of antinutritional factors, like tannins and oxalate, that lower product quality and protein availability (Odumodu 1992), and its susceptibility to pests and diseases of plants (Gwekwerere 1995) or seed stocks (Ajayi and Lale 2000). Recently, novel approaches towards shortening the generation cycles for faster breeding of protein legumes such as Bambara groundnut have been developed (Ochatt et al 2002).…”

Preliminary results of in vitro culture of pea and lupin embryos for the reduction of generation cycles in single seed descent technique

“…In MS-I the amount of agar was reduced from 8 in the original MS [16] to 4 g l −1 and this resulted in better development of roots of all the studied species than on original MS medium, what was observed in our earlier studies (data not shown). Ochatt et al [15] performed excellent studies on in vitro culture of pea embryos in the context of integrating it with the SSD technique. They obtained the best results culturing pea embryos on medium containing half-strength MS macroelements, full strength MS micro-elements, 15 g l −1 sucrose and 6 g l −1 agar and at the temperature of 24/ 22°C and 16/ 8 h photoperiod (day/night).…”

“…4 months (including verbalization) [14]. Ochatt et al [15] proposed the reduction of pea generation cycles based on in vitro culture of embryos and a greenhouse strategy, but no information was found on embryo culture for accelerating breeding process in lupins.…”

Parameters Necessary for In Vitro Hydroponic Pea Plantlet Flowering and Fruiting

“…Nevertheless much refining work remains to be preformed to develop edible products. In addition, production of sterile fruits with viable seeds can be a means to shorten generational cycles for faster breeding (Ochatt et al, 2002). It has been previously recognized that plant tissue culture offers an avenue to produce food products (Fu et al, 1999;Stafford, 1991).…”