“…For instance, Thermofisher's Neon pipette electroporation system (Schumann et al, 2015), Nepagene's NEPA21 electroporator (Ang et al, 2017;Xiao et al, 2018), Biorad's Gene Pulser (Harrer et al, 2017;Krug et al, 2014;Schaft et al, 2006) and Lonza's Nucleofector (Chicaybam et al, 2013;Nakazawa et al, 2016) have been frequently used in research settings. Towards clinical applications that require higher throughput, dedicated devices have come to the market such as the Maxcyte's ExPERT family of flow-based electroporation systems (Li et al, 2002;Stadtmauer et al, 2020;Zhao et al, 2010), Miltenyi's CliniMACS electroporator (Altmann et al, 2018) and BTX's AgilePulse MAX electroporation system for large sample volumes (Bidmon et al, 2018;Valton et al, 2018). Large volume in-flow electroporation was introduced in 2002 by MaxCyte demonstrating pDNA transfection efficiencies up to 50% in T cells, with cell viabilities of 70% based on flow cytometric quantification using PI staining as a cell death marker (Fig.…”