“…In particular, authors from the Leiden group are very aware of the need to include in their battery of indicators some that capture what takes place at the tails of any citation distribution. Thus, together with average-based indicators, since its inception this group has always taken into account the papers published by a research unit that have received no citations at all (see, inter alia Moed et al, 1985, 1988, 1995, and van Raan, 2004. More recently, the Leiden group has turned its attention to the upper tail of the distribution, and has introduced the percentage in the top 5% of the most highly cited papers as an indicator of scientific excellence (see Tijssen et al, 2002, andvan Leeuwen et al, 2003, as well as Aksnes and Sivertsen, 2004).…”