New Bomb Pulse Radiocarbon Records from Annual Tree Rings in the Northern Hemisphere Temperate Region

Quarta, Gianluca; D’Elia, Marisa; Valzano, D; Calcagnile, Lucio

doi:10.1017/s0033822200052164

Cited by 33 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This data set is comprised of bi-weekly observations representative of the European atmosphere. The atmospheric curve was selected because other workers have demonstrated a strong correlation between North American data sets (Quarta et al, 2004) and the atmospheric curve, and although the study site falls within Zone 2 (Hua et al, 2003), we believe that the atmospheric data are more representative of radiocarbon concentrations in these samples (mainly leaf litter from deciduous trees).…”

Section: Converting Radiocarbon Ages To Calendar Yearsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution and residence time of suspended sediment stored within the channel margins of a gravel‐bed bedrock river

Skalak

Pizzuto

2010

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Previously undocumented deposits are described that store suspended sediment in gravel-bedded rivers, termed 'fi ne-grained channel margin' (FGCM) deposits. FGCM deposits consist of sand, silt, clay, and organic matter that accumulate behind large woody debris (LWD) along the margins of the wetted perimeter of the single-thread, gravel-bed South River in Virginia. These deposits store a total mass equivalent to 17% to 43% of the annual suspended sediment load. Radiocarbon, 210 Pb and 137 C dating indicate that sediment in FGCM deposits ranges in age from 1 to more than 60 years. Reservoir theory suggests an average turnover time of 1·75 years and an annual exchange with the water column of a mass of sediment equivalent to 10% to 25% of the annual sediment load. The distribution of ages in the deposits can be fi tted by a power function, suggesting that sediment stored in the deposits has a wide variety of transit times. Most sediment in storage is reworked quickly, but a small portion may remain in place for many decades. The presence of FGCM deposits indicates that suspended sediment is not simply transported downstream in gravel-bed rivers in agricultural watersheds: signifi cant storage can occur over decadal timescales. South River has a history of mercury contamination and identifying sediment sources and sinks is critical for documenting the extent of contamination and for developing remediation plans. FGCM deposits should be considered in future sediment budget and sediment transport modeling studies of gravel-bed rivers in agricultural watersheds.

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Section: Converting Radiocarbon Ages To Calendar Yearsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution and residence time of suspended sediment stored within the channel margins of a gravel‐bed bedrock river

Skalak

Pizzuto

2010

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…Radiocarbon dates for the Minoan eruption from Akrotiri (Santorini) are identical to radiocarbon dates from Palaikastro (Crete). With regard to modern olive trees on Santorini and annual growth rings investigations, it would be very important to study the atomic bomb peak 14 C signal, which has a potential annual dating resolution (Quarta et al 2005) for the period since AD 1955. the inside. The similarity of the three datasets also bears witness that the Thera olive branch did not die a century before the eruption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A disastrous date

MacGillivray¹

2014

Antiquity

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Paolo Cherubini and colleagues have demonstrated convincingly that the identification of olive wood tree-rings from Santorini is ‘practically impossible’. Thus, the single piece of evidence that might have persuaded some archaeologists to support the ‘high’ 1613±13 BC date for the Theran eruption is hors de combat. The Theran olive-tree branch has gone the way of the Greenland Ice Core results of similar date and which enjoyed a similar devoted following until shown to be from a different eruption. Taken with Malcolm Wiener's explicit exposé of the myriad shortcomings of 14C dating, especially for this time period and event, these results take us back to where we were before the ‘radiocarbon revolution‘, when the largest Holocene eruption in the ancient world happened as Minoan Crete enjoyed wideranging influence, perhaps even control, over the Aegean, when Late Minoan IA pottery styles proliferated, and Egypt was in the early stages of its New Kingdom period (Wiener 2012, 2013).

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“…Starting with the nuclear tests of the 1950s, the radiocarbon balance in nature was deeply affected by the so‐called “bomb pulse effect” overlapping the dilution effect from the combustion of solid fuels but does not prevent the obtaining of concordant data in the Northern Hemisphere . Having a gaseous releases around 10 12 Bq/year, Cernavoda NPP Romania proves to be a good environmental tracer since, after 50 years of the main emissions generated by nuclear tests to the planetaryatmosphere inventory, the current level of anthropic trititum and carbon‐14 concentrations became more and more difficult to differentiate from that ones of cosmogenic origin…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi‐automatic combustion of environmental and biological samples on Oxidizer M307 and equivalents: New solutions for background reduction

Simion

Mocanu

Gâza

et al. 2019

Labelled Comp Radiopharmac

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The aim is to introduce and characterize a new experimental demonstrative model contributing to the increase of measurement accuracy, in terms of minimum detectable activity (MDA) and background reduction, for the analysis of samples having low concentrations in tritium and radiocarbon on Quantulus 1220. The clue is related to the qualitative and quantitative differences between tritium and carbon‐14 inventories of the pulp used to manufacture the cups involved in noncatalytic combustion of samples by flame oxidation method. The quality of the experimental results depends on the temporal origin of the wood from which the pulp/cellulose was extracted/purified, the specific inventory contributing to the threshold level of the MDA for the beta‐emitting radionuclide to be investigated. Finally, the aim is to create and to use such a 100% old cellulose combustion cups for determining low concentrations of these radionuclides. It may be obtained by an adapted technology following the literature data and may be recommended for routine analyses of environmental samples coming from areas with no nuclear or minor nuclear influences, and also for low‐level biological samples. This first attempt resulted in improvement of measurement performances up to 400% for carbon‐14 and by approximately 50% for tritium.

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New Bomb Pulse Radiocarbon Records from Annual Tree Rings in the Northern Hemisphere Temperate Region

Cited by 33 publications

References 7 publications

The distribution and residence time of suspended sediment stored within the channel margins of a gravel‐bed bedrock river

The distribution and residence time of suspended sediment stored within the channel margins of a gravel‐bed bedrock river

A disastrous date

Semi‐automatic combustion of environmental and biological samples on Oxidizer M307 and equivalents: New solutions for background reduction

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