“…Silver (Ag), 8,9 platinum (Pt), 10 copper (Cu), 11,12 nickel (Ni), 13,14 iron (Fe), 15 and gold (Au) 16,17 metal nanoparticles have been extensively used as catalysts in various reactions. For example, p-nitrophenol (p-NP), 9,18 nitrobenzene (NB), 19,20 o-nitrophenol (o-NP) 21,22 and m-nitrophenol 22 can be reduced in aqueous medium using metal nanoparticles as catalysts.…”