New clinical aspects of cardiac myxomas: A clinical and pathological reappraisal

Usefulness of CHA2DS2-VASc Scoring Systems for Predicting Risk of Perioperative Embolism in Patients of Cardiac Myxomas Underwent Surgical Treatment

“…In our data analysis, the patients included with cardiac myxomas contributed to 3.21% of all the continuous patients underwent cardiac surgeries in our center, which was similar to previous studies41928. And a percentage of 30.75% of stroke or embolic events contributed to the overall included patients, a little slightly higher than the incidence reported in other studies which ranged from 20–25%29.…”

Glandular cardiac myxoma: case report with literature review

“…Heterotopia in CM provides evidence to the theory of a pluripotent reserve cell line of origin arising from embryonic rests [42]. Differential diagnoses of CM include intracardiac thrombus, cardiac excrescence and other primary or metastatic cardiac neoplasms [9]. Immunohistochemical study can meet the satisfaction of the differential diagnosis [9].…”

“…Of them, 54 reports describing CM without any glandular components, or narrating glandular differentiation of CM without patient information, such as review articles, book chapters and majority of the web pages, were excluded from the statistical analysis of this study. Alternative exclusion criteria included duplicate publications [20,26,28,46,48], and original articles with only patient number [2,9,35], or even with no patient number [7,13,66,80] of glandular CM without patient information, with 3 intracardiac heterotopia of epithelium [6,11,51], and describing a bone metastasis of glandular CM, however, the in situ CM did not show any glandular components [69] [18]) were included, with 99 patients with a glandular CM (a total of 100 cases including the present patient) representing 7.4% of the 1,351 CM patients under investigation. Of the 100 patients, 24 were males and 39 were females with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.63, while gender could not be tracked in 37 patients.…”

“…The myxoma cells were positive for SMA, but negative for desmin and S100, and therefore myofibroblastic cells were suggested as the cell of origin [3]. Myxoma cells were positive for calretinin in 75-100% of cases, but had variable positivity for vimentin, a 1 -antichymotrypsin, a 1 -antitrypsin, S100, SMA, desmin, synaptophysin, NSE and endothelial markers; only epithelioid structures may be positive for epithelial markers (pan-CK, CAM5.2, CK34E12, CK7, CK20, EMA and CEA) [9].…”

“…Differential diagnoses of CM include intracardiac thrombus, cardiac excrescence and other primary or metastatic cardiac neoplasms [9]. Immunohistochemical study can meet the satisfaction of the differential diagnosis [9]. Glandular CM have to be distinguished from a metastatic carcinoma as small areas of benign glands resemble adenocarcinoma [20,46].…”