New Coding in the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision , for Children's Interstitial Lung Disease

Popler, Jonathan; Lesnick, Burton L.; Dishop, Megan K.; Deterding, Robin R.

doi:10.1378/chest.12-0492

Cited by 24 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…We anticipate that new InternationalClassification ofDiseases-9 codes will help to identify cases in future studies. 24 Furthermore, our cohort size and highly variable follow-up duration did not permit analysis of therapeutic efficacy, outcomes, and risk factors associated with morbidity and mortality. We believe that multicenter prospective studies will be required to address these questions.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 97%

Childhood Interstitial Lung Diseases: An 18-year Retrospective Analysis

Soares

Deutsch

Moore³

et al. 2013

Pediatrics

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Childhood interstitial lung diseases occur in a variety of clinical contexts and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Advances in the understanding of disease pathogenesis and use of standardized terminology have facilitated increased case ascertainment. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:This study demonstrates that cases of newly described forms of childhood interstitial lung diseases likely occur at all children' s hospitals. With advances in genetic testing and recognition of imaging patterns, a significant portion of cases are identifiable with noninvasive evaluations. abstract OBJECTIVE: Childhood interstitial lung diseases (ILD) occur in a variety of clinical contexts. Advances in the understanding of disease pathogenesis and use of standardized terminology have facilitated increased case ascertainment. However, as all studies have been performed at specialized referral centers, the applicability of these findings to general pulmonary practice has been uncertain. The objective of this study was to determine the historical occurrence of childhood ILD to provide information reflecting general pediatric pulmonary practice patterns. METHODS:Childhood ILD cases seen at Vanderbilt Children' s Hospital from 1994 to 2011 were retrospectively reviewed and classified according to the current pediatric diffuse lung disease histopathologic classification system. RESULTS:A total of 93 cases were identified, of which 91.4% were classifiable. A total of 68.8% (64/93) of subjects underwent lung biopsy in their evaluations. The largest classification categories were disorders related to systemic disease processes (24.7%), disorders of the immunocompromised host (24.7%), and disorders more prevalent in infancy (22.6%). Eight cases of neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI) were identified, including 5 that were previously unrecognized before this review.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate the general scope of childhood ILD and that these cases present within a variety of pediatric subspecialties. Retrospective review was valuable in recognizing more recently described forms of childhood ILD. As a significant portion of cases were classifiable based on clinical, genetic, and/or radiographic criteria, we urge greater consideration to noninvasive diagnostic approaches and suggest modification to the current childhood ILD classification scheme to accommodate the increasing number of cases diagnosed without lung biopsy. Pediatrics 2013;132:684-691

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 97%

Childhood Interstitial Lung Diseases: An 18-year Retrospective Analysis

Soares

Deutsch

Moore³

et al. 2013

Pediatrics

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“…Therefore, new appropriate codes have recently been added for several chILD disorders in the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision. 12 Moreover, the multi-institutional ChILD Research Cooperative has recently developed a classification system specifically for young children. 7,13 Despite some conceptual and practical limitations (eg, it focuses exclusively on young children who underwent diagnostic lung biopsy, thus providing little guidance in cases without a confirmatory lung biopsy, and does not address properly those cases showing features of >1 entity), this classification system groups disorders with similar clinical and/or pathologic features, and provides consensus terminology, diagnostic criteria, and a useful framework for approaching chILD, particularly entities unique to young children ( Table 1).…”

Section: Doi: 101542/peds2015-2725mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interstitial Lung Disease in Children Younger Than 2 Years

Spagnolo

Bush

2016

Pediatrics

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Childhood interstitial lung disease (chILD) represents a highly heterogeneous group of rare disorders associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Although our understanding of chILD remains limited, important advances have recently been made, the most important being probably the appreciation that disorders that present in early life are distinct from those occurring in older children and adults, albeit with some overlap. chILD manifests with diffuse pulmonary infiltrates and nonspecific respiratory signs and symptoms, making exclusion of common conditions presenting in a similar fashion an essential preliminary step. Subsequently, a systematic approach to diagnosis includes a careful history and physical examination, computed tomography of the chest, and some or all of bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage, genetic testing, and if diagnostic uncertainty persists, lung biopsy. This review focuses on chILD presenting in infants younger than 2 years of age and discusses recent advances in the classification, diagnostic approach, and management of chILD in this age range. We describe novel genetic entities, along with initiatives that aim at collecting clinical data and biologic samples from carefully characterized patients in a prospective and standardized fashion. Early referral to expert centers and timely diagnosis may have important implications for patient management and prognosis, but effective therapies are often lacking. Following massive efforts, international collaborations among the key stakeholders are finally starting to be in place. These have allowed the setting up and conducting of the first randomized controlled trial of therapeutic interventions in patients with chILD.

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“…In such a classification based on etiology, disorders that can be idiopathic or secondary to other conditions are difficult to categorize. Despite its limitations, the chILD classification scheme has been found applicable to over 90 % of cases of DLD encountered in the setting of a children's hospital, including previously unclassified cases , and several of the disorders are recognized by diagnosis codes in the latest versions of the International Classification of Diseases by the World Health Organization (Popler et al 2012). While the chILD classification generally works well for infants and young children (Langston and Dishop 2009), expansion and modification of the classification is necessary for older children and adolescents who may manifest with forms of DLD more prevalent in adults (Rice et al 2013) (Table 1).…”

Section: Clinical Presentations and Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffuse Lung Disease

Guillerman

2014

Pediatric Chest Imaging

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New Coding in the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision , for Children's Interstitial Lung Disease

Cited by 24 publications

References 53 publications

Childhood Interstitial Lung Diseases: An 18-year Retrospective Analysis

Childhood Interstitial Lung Diseases: An 18-year Retrospective Analysis

Interstitial Lung Disease in Children Younger Than 2 Years

Diffuse Lung Disease

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