New constraints to the onset of the India–Asia collision: Paleomagnetic reconnaissance on the Linzizong Group in the Lhasa Block, China

Paleomagnetism of Upper Cretaceous red-beds from the eastern Qiangtang Block: Clockwise rotations and latitudinal translation during the India–Asia collision

“…Compared with the consistent Cretaceous paleomagnetic data obtained from Cretaceous volcanic rocks, and from some redbeds, the Paleocene to Eocene paleomagnetic data obtained from volcanic rocks in the Lhasa Block exhibit a greater degree of discrepancy (Tan et al, 2010;Dupont-Nivet et al, 2010a;Liebke et al, 2010;Huang et al, 2013;Chen et al, 2010;Achache et al, 1984;Sun et al, 2010). The Paleocene-Eocene paleolatitude of the Lhasa Block estimated from the volcanic rocks changed from 6.6 ± 8.5°N to 32.5 ± 5.9°N, implying that the intracontinental shortening within Asia varied from 1.5 ± 5.6°to 20.4 ± 3.3°relative to Eurasia (Table 6).…”

Late Cretaceous (ca. 90Ma) adakitic intrusive rocks in the Kelu area, Gangdese Belt (southern Tibet): Slab melting and implications for Cu–Au mineralization

“…1a) (Yin and Harrison, 2000). The Yarlung-Tsangpo suture marks the final collision between India and Asia in the Early Tertiary ($65-55 Ma) (Patzelt et al, 1996;Ding et al, 2005;Najman, 2006;Mo et al, 2007;Wu et al, 2007;Chung et al, 2009;Chen et al, 2010). A remarkable tectonic feature in the southern Lhasa Block is the occurrence of the NS-striking normal faulting or graben systems, possibly due to east-west extension during the Miocene (18-13 Ma) (Williams et al, 2001;Nomade et al, 2004) (Fig.…”

Eocene high grade metamorphism and crustal anatexis in the North Himalaya Gneiss Domes, Southern Tibet

“…However, Aitchison [11] reinterpreted the available data, and proposed that the beginning of the India-Eurasia continental collision occurred at ~35 Ma, which was preceded by a Paleocene collision of the Indian continent with an intra-oceanic arc system. This model was questioned by Garzanti [73], and is not supported by new highquality paleomagnetic data from the longitude close to Lhasa [74][75][76]. In addition, Lippert [77] re-examined all the paleomagnetic data available (86 data points) and demonstrated that the Tethyan Himalaya-Asia collision occurred at 47.0±6.5 Ma.…”